07/04/2025
🗞️ JCMA Applauds GAO and DOD’s Attention to Healthcare Challenges in Japan
Tokyo, Japan — Japan Civilian Medical Advocacy (JCMA) is encouraged by Department of Defense (DOD) and Government Accountability Office (GAO) action to address the longstanding healthcare challenges faced by U.S. personnel in Japan. Following three years of dedicated advocacy by JCMA, the GAO has released a comprehensive report validating concerns raised by our community. The report confirms significant barriers to accessing healthcare through the Japanese system, including language barriers, billing and payment issues, differences in care approaches, and challenges with mental health and emergency medical services.
A GAO audit evaluated Defense Health Agency (DHA) space-available visits. It showed a significant drop in the use of space-available medical appointments during the 2020 pandemic, a brief resurgence in 2021, and declines until 2024. Status of Forces Agreement (SOFA) personnel experienced a significant shortage of appointments in Yokosuka and Yokota during the last quarter of 2022 – an issue exacerbated by the 2023 memo directing Military Treatment Facilities (MTFs) in Japan to refuse routine care to civilians. It was not until March 2023 that activism by SOFA personnel convinced the DoD to issue a corrective memo.
Notably, space-available appointment usage declined slightly in 2022 and, in 2023, reached levels lower than those seen during the pandemic. The decline in appointment usage has still not recovered to pre-pandemic levels, resulting in the loss of thousands of appointments annually across the MTF system for the past four years. Specific facilities, including Naval Hospital Yokosuka and 374th Medical Group Yokota, showed the most notable declines, an issue that community members highlighted during 2023 town halls. While GAO characterized this as “stable” availability, civilians shared their stories of the impact of receiving 12,000 fewer healthcare appointments than were available in 2019 and 4,000 fewer appointments than 2020 pandemic levels – and the damage inflicted by those policies.
In April 2024, DoD responded to JCMA’s recommendations regarding inconsistent information provided to new hires by mandating a statement of understanding about barriers to healthcare for civilian personnel. The GAO report highlights other initiatives, including the Pilot Health Care Program for DOD Civilian Employees in Japan, the Zama Civilian Navigator Program, the planned expansion of behavioral health clinics in Okinawa and Yokota, increased emergency and trauma care coordination with Japanese providers, and an unsuccessful attempt to establish a new hospital in Guam with pediatric intensive care capabilities. GAO also cited a DHA Action Plan with 17 tasks, ten of which have been completed, that seeks to address the critical lack of emergency care services in Asia without a trauma-certified MTF.
While JCMA is heartened by GAO’s acknowledgment of these longstanding issues, we agree it still too early to determine whether the DOD’s current initiatives will adequately overcome the healthcare barriers for the SOFA community. Among the most pressing concerns is the gap in emergency care for over 100,000 Americans and their families who serve the U.S. government in Japan. This gap has already led to the loss of lives and continues to pose a serious threat.
JCMA remains steadfast in ensuring that all U.S. personnel and their families receive appropriate medical care. We continue to call on the DOD and Congressional leadership to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of these initiatives to ensure long-term solutions for our community’s healthcare needs.
About JCMA:
JCMA is a grassroots group of volunteers whose mission is to improve access to quality healthcare for all members of the DOD serving abroad.
For more information, contact:
Info@JCMAdvocacy.org