10/11/2021
Coconut facts and health benefits
Cocos nucifera commonly known as coconut belongs to the large Palmaceae family of palm trees and is native to coastal areas of Southeast Asia. It is commonly believed that the name “coconut” was given by Portuguese sailors in the 16th century because the three holes on the coconut looked like a human face. “Coco” means “laughing face,” or “grimace.” The English word “nut” was only added later on. The coconut is not a nut at all, but a stone fruit. Coco palm grows well under tropical climates. The palm requires moist, sandy, well-drained soil and flourishes well all along the saline-rich coastal regions. It has a lifetime of about 75 to 100 years. Once planted, it may take about 4-5 years to begin their first produce, and often, quite longer time in some species. Several hundred species of the coconut palms grown all over the tropics, and their taste of meat and flavor of water thus may vary according to saline content of the soil, distance from sea-shore, amount of rain-fall, etc.
Plant
Coconut is a tall, erect, single-stemmed, monoecious palm which grows up to 30 m (98 ft.) tall. It thrives best in full sun and is adaptable to wide range of soil type’s light, medium and heavy, – peaty soil, sandy, calcareous, saline to clayey soils. It tolerates alkaline soils. Though coarse sand is its natural habitat, best growth is obtained on free draining, deep soils with good physical and chemical properties. It is therefore widely grown on loams as well as clays that are well drained. Coconut is intolerant of water-logging will not survive more than 2 weeks of surface water-logging. Coconut tolerates drought poorly. It has fibrous root system and slender, more or less curved or inclined, stout trunk, 30–45 cm diameter. Leaves are frond-like, 2–6 m long, clustered at top of trunk, pinnatisect whereas leaflets are 0.6–1 m long, narrow, linear-lanceolate, bright green, inserted on rachis in 2 ranks. Plant produces both the female and male flowers on the same inflorescence; therefore, the palm is monoecious. Male flowers with six creamy-yellow perianth segments surrounding six stamens, pistillode topped by 3 nectar glands. Female flowers are sweet-scented, larger, globose, with 6 creamy-yellow perianth segment in two whorls, with 6 staminodes, 3-locule o***y, and a trifid stigma.
Fruit
Botanically, the coconut fruit is a drupe, not a true nut. It consists of, from the outside in, a thin hard skin (exocarp), a thicker layer of fibrous mesocarp (husk), the hard endocarp (shell), the white albuminous endosperm (kernel), and a large cavity filled with fluid (“coconut water”). Coconuts sold in the shops of non-tropical countries often have had the exocarp (outermost layer) removed. The mesocarp is composed of a fiber, called coir, which has several traditional and commercial uses. The shell has three germination pores (micropyles) or “eyes” that are clearly visible on its outside surface once the husk is removed. When immature, the exocarp is usually green, yellow or sometimes bronze, becoming brown when mature. Wide variation in fruit shape exocarp color, green, yellow, reddish-brown, etc. and size exist within types and populations. Fruit is usually elongated, ovoid; ellipsoid to almost spherical weighs between 0.85 and 3.7 kg. Seed comprises the dark brown shell, kernel, cavity and embryo.
History
Coconut has been the subject of much interpretation and speculation in regard to its natural origin because of its wide distribution and cultivation in the tropics and subtropics. It is supposed that the coconut palm is native to coastal areas (the littoral zone) of Southeast Asia (Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines) and Melanesia. It is supposed that in prehistoric times wild forms (niu kafa) eastwards into the central Pacific to the tropical Pacific islands (Polynesia, and Micronesia) and westward to coastal India, Sri Lanka, East Africa, and tropical islands (e.g., Seychelles, Andaman, Mauritius) in the Indian Ocean. Coconut is either an introduction in the pre-Columbian times or possibly native to the Pacific coast of Central America. Today due to its higher nutritional value as well as it wonderful health benefits it is grown throughout the world with suitable environment.
Nutritional Value
Apart from their mild and sweet taste, coconut is a good source of nutrients, vitamins and minerals. Consuming 80 gram of coconut offers 26.79 g of Total Fat, 1.2 mg of Manganese, 0.348 mg of Copper, 1.94 mg of Iron, 7.2 g of Total dietary Fiber, 8.1 µg of Selenium, 90 mg of Phosphorus and 12.18 g of Carbohydrate. Moreover many Amino acids 0.031 g of Tryptophan, 0.097 g of Threonine, 0.105 g of Isoleucine, 0.198 g of Leucine, 0.118 g of Lysine and 0.05 g of Methionine are also found in 80 gram of Coconuts.
Health benefits of Coconut
The coconut is actually an exotic fruit which is well-known because of its dietary advantages. Its meat, juice as well as oil are well-known around the world because of its delicious flavor as well as large quantity of vitamins, minerals as well as nutrition. Coconut was utilized by ancient individuals to deal with numerous health conditions, and is also still identified nowadays because of its nutritious as well as therapeutic qualities. Let’s explore more of the amazing health benefits of coconuts and what they have to offer.
1. Good for your heart
As we all know that coconut is low in sodium and high in potassium so it is an excellent food for people suffering from high blood pressure. As coconuts contain no Tran’s fats and are gluten-free, they are loaded with high amounts of dietary fiber, and therefore are good for your heart. Coconut not only improves the cholesterol ratio in your body, but also protects your arteries from damage.
2. Weight management
Coconuts are wonderful source of fiber and low in calories which means that they make you full faster, and in turn beat hunger pangs. Apart from that it also increases your metabolic rate thereby promoting weight loss. They not only prevent obesity but also its related health complications.
3. Blood sugar control
The presence of fiber in coconut slows down the release of glucose into the bloodstream which in turn drops the blood sugar levels and controls other problems caused due to diabetes. Apart from that, they also help decrease the amount of strain on the pancreas, helping them function optimally.
4. Protects against infection
Coconuts are loaded with a myriad of healthy nutrients which helps to boost immunity and keeps diseases at bay. Apart from that it also has antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal properties that help protect you from a wide range of infections and support overall immune functions.
5. Improves digestion
As most of us are unaware of the fact that coconut is an excellent source of good fats (MCTs – medium chain triglycerides) which are quite beneficial for people with digestion problems. It also improves bowel movement and digestion in addition to helping in nutrient absorption.
6. Prevents skin infection
Regular use of coconut oil or milk topically helps in shielding the skin from numerous infections in addition to combating symptoms of skin infections like dermatitis, eczema and psoriasis. It acts as a natural aid to prevent sagging skin, age spots and wrinkles along with softening your skin. Coconut not only helps maintain the chemical balance of your skin but also provides protection against harmful UV rays.
7. Promotes hair growth
Coconuts and their by-products are certainly the best natural aids when it comes to promoting hair growth and preventing hair loss. As coconut milk is loaded with a wide range of healthy nutrients, using it on a regular basis reduces hair loss and hair breakage. Furthermore, applying or massaging coconut oil to your scalp makes your hair strong in addition to controlling dandruff and promoting hair growth.
8. Gives your energy levels a boost
In case you are feeling tired or stressed out, have a few pieces of coconut to boost your energy levels naturally. It is one of the best nutritional sources of instant energy that improve physical endurance as well as athletic performance. Coconut also helps in relieving symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome in addition to providing extra energy.
Health benefits of Coconut oil
1. Hair care
Coconut oil helps in healthy growth of hair and gives your hair a shiny quality. It is also effective in reducing protein loss, which may cause various unattractive or unhealthy qualities in your hair. It is used as hair care oil and is used in manufacturing various conditioners and dandruff relief creams. It is normally used topically for hair care.
Coconut oil is widely used in the Indian sub-continent for hair care. It is an excellent conditioner and helps the re-growth process of damaged hair. Apart from that it provides the essential proteins required for nourishing and healing damaged hair. Research studies indicate that coconut oil provides better protection to hair from damage caused by hygral fatigue.
2. Weight loss
Coconut oil is considered quite beneficial for weight loss. It contains short and medium-chain fatty acids that help in taking off unnecessary weight. Research suggests that coconut oil helps to reduce abdominal obesity in women. It is also easy to digest and it helps in healthy functioning of the thyroid and endocrine system. Additionally, it increases the body’s metabolic rate by eliminating stress on the pancreas; thus burning more energy and helping obese and overweight people lose the weight. Hence, people living in tropical coastal areas, who use coconut oil every day as their primary cooking oil, are usually not fat, obese or overweight.