CNS Inflammation (2025)

21/02/2024

New research suggests that inflammation in the meninges, the brain’s protective barrier, may extend into the grey matter and contribute to the development of progressive multiple sclerosis (MS).

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Research in mouse models suggests that inflammation in the meninges, the brain's protective barrier, may contribute to the development of multiple sclerosis.

14/02/2024

Common neuropsychiatric symptoms that doctors see in Alzheimer’s disease patients originate from brain inflammation rather than amyloid and tau proteins, report University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine researchers in JAMA Network Open.

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The finding strengthens evidence for the role of neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s progression and suggests new pathways to develop therapies to help patients and caregivers.

07/02/2024

In a recent study published in the journal Antioxidants, researchers investigated the mechanisms by which Resveratrol, a natural phenolic compound, can prevent and attenuate Alzheimer's Disease (AD).

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Study demonstrates Resveratrol's ability to mitigate Alzheimer's Disease (AD) symptoms by inhibiting proinflammatory responses and promoting antioxidant enzyme expression in microglial cell lines, offering insights into its neuroprotective mechanisms.

31/01/2024

Neuropsychiatric symptoms of Long COVID, including brain fog, inability to concentrate, and headache, have puzzled researchers and clinicians, who are hunting for those symptoms’ causes. A new study found that neuroinflammation and blood-brain-barrier dysfunction are not likely drivers of the symptoms, giving researchers more clues in their quest to uncover what actually may be the culprit.

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A new study finds that neuroinflammation and blood-brain-barrier dysfunction are not likely drivers of the neuropsychiatric symptoms of Long COVID, giving

24/01/2024

A “living contrast agent” could help diagnose mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) when conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) doesn’t show structural changes, say researchers at Harvard University’s School of Engineering and Applied Sciences.

The researchers loaded gadolinium, a standard MRI contrast agent, into hydrogel-based micropatches that attach to immune cells, and in preclinical studies visualized inflammation in pigs with mild TBI. Ultimately, they anticipate that the technology will increase the number of diagnosed mild TBI cases and improve patient care.

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Harvard researchers have developed an MRI contrast agent that leverages immune cells to detect brain inflammation after mild traumatic brain injury in pigs

17/01/2024

A new study published details that markers of brain injury are present in the blood many months after COVID-19 infection, despite inflammation blood tests being normal.

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A new study published today (22 December 2023) in Nature Communications details that markers of brain injury are present in the blood many months after COVID-19 infection, despite inflammation blood tests being normal.

03/01/2024

University of Maryland School of Medicine (UMSOM) researchers wanted to better understand what happens in the brain during injury, so they conducted a study in mice to determine how different types of brain cells in mice react to severe trauma. In a new study published in the January issue of Autophagy, they found that after traumatic brain injury, the brain’s immune system cells’ internal recycling function slowed dramatically, allowing waste products to build up and interfere with recovery from injury.

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Each year about 1.5 million people in the U.S. survive a traumatic brain injury due to a fall, car accident, or a sports injury, which can cause immediate and long-term disability.

20/12/2023

Effect of Systemic Inflammation in the CNS: A Silent History of Neuronal Damage

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Central nervous system (CNS) infections including meningitis and encephalitis, resulting from the blood-borne spread of specific microorganisms, provoke nervous tissue damage due to the inflammatory process. Moreover, different pathologies such as sepsis can generate systemic inflammation. Bacterial...

13/12/2023

An Evolving Concept: The Pathologic Level Of Brain TNF Is A Therapeutic Target For Chronic Pain Treatment

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Brain TNF and chronic pain discusses the evolving concept that brain TNF is a therapeutic target for chronic pain.

06/12/2023

Severe inflammation in early childhood is a clinically known risk factor for developing autism and schizophrenia. Now, for the first time, scientists from the University of Maryland School of Medicine (UMSOM) have discovered that inflammation alters the development of vulnerable brain cells, and this could have mechanistic links to neurodevelopmental disorders. This finding could lead to treatments for many different childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorders.

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Severe inflammation in early childhood is a clinically known risk factor for developing autism and schizophrenia. Now, for the first time, scientists from the University of Maryland School of Medicine (UMSOM) have discovered that inflammation alters the development of vulnerable brain cells, and...

29/11/2023

Brain inflammation could be the reason why Alzheimer’s disease patients develop psychiatric symptoms. Inflammation caused by the brain’s immune response was linked to increased reports of mood problems like irritability, anger and agitation.

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WEDNESDAY, Nov. 29, 2023 (HealthDay News) -- Alzheimer’s patients are notoriously irritable, agitated and anxious – and researchers now think they know why.Brai

15/11/2023

A new study shows that inflammation may increase the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease and dementia.

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A new study finds that people with biomarkers that signal higher levels of inflammation had a higher risk of dementia.

08/11/2023

Researchers at Stanford Medicine have found biological similarities between "chemo brain" — cognitive impairment from cancer treatment — and brain fog after COVID-19.

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Researchers found that damage to the brain’s white matter after COVID-19 resembles that seen after cancer chemotherapy, raising hope for treatments to help both conditions.

01/11/2023

Brain clues in the battle against long COVID: study pinpoints neuroinflammation

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The relationship between circulating markers of vascular dysfunction and neuroinflammation.

25/10/2023

Researchers studied the TSPO protein, a marker for visualizing cerebral inflammation. Although used in hundreds of PET scans, its exact significance in relation to inflammation remained uncertain.

The team discovered that while high TSPO density does indicate a large number of microglia (inflammatory cells), it doesn’t signify their overactivation. This revelation urges a re-evaluation of previous research and suggests new paths for understanding neuroinflammation.

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This revelation urges a re-evaluation of previous research and suggests new paths for understanding neuroinflammation.

19/10/2023

Severe brain inflammation in early childhood is known to be a risk factor for developing neurological disorders such as autism and schizophrenia; however, the mechanisms behind this are unclear. Now, researchers from the University of Maryland School of Medicine (UMSOM; MD, USA) have discovered that inflammation prevents the development of specific neurons in the cerebellum, and this could have mechanistic links to neurodevelopmental disorders. The research could help develop treatments for different childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorders.

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Brain inflammation in childhood may cause neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism or schizophrenia.

11/10/2023

Scientists unveiled a new brain circuit playing a crucial role in responding to infections or injuries. This circuit detects inflammation in the blood and plays a key role in regulating the immune system’s anti-inflammatory response.

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The discovery of this circuit illustrates a powerful two-way connection between the brain and immune system, shedding light on how our bodies interact with microbes, fight off pathogens, and heal wounds.

05/10/2023

A study by Luca Magistrelli et al., published in the journal Brain Behavior and Immunity shows that patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and cognitive decline exhibit a preferential pro-inflammatory immune phenotype and a dysregulation in the CD4+ T regulatory compartment.

Immunity and cognitive decline parkinsons shows that Parkinson’s patients with cognitive decline exhibit a pro-inflammatory immune phenotype.

28/09/2023

Specific genes allow immune T-cells to infiltrate the brain, study finds

18 genes seen as essential in immune cells' movement, driving inflammation

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A study identified 18 genes that help to control the movement of immune T-cells into the brain and spinal cord in MS, driving inflammation.

20/09/2023

In a study supported by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) and the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, researchers looked at the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in animal models to understand potential causes of Long COVID. Their findings suggest that in addition to causing long-lasting organ damage, SARS-CoV-2 can set off a pattern of brain inflammation that may be linked to Long COVID symptoms.

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Researchers supported by NIH have discovered that COVID-19 can cause long-lasting inflammation in the brain that may be the source of many Long COVID symptoms.

13/09/2023

The multiple sclerosis drug, ponesimod, reduces brain inflammation and improves memory, according to a new study in mice and human brain samples.

A team of researchers at the University of Kentucky examined ponesimod (brand name Ponvory), an oral medication approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS). The findings of the study were published in eBioMedicine.

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Multiple sclerosis drug ponesimod (Ponvory) may be used as Alzheimer’s disease therapy as it reduces brain inflammation and improves memory.

06/09/2023

Inflammation and Brain Health

Normally a guard against brain injury and infection, inflammation is increasingly being implicated in cognitive decline

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Normally a guard against brain injury and infection, inflammation is increasingly being implicated in cognitive decline

30/08/2023

In a study to be published in Stroke, researchers from Osaka University provide new hope for patients. They have identified two proteins, R-spondin 3 (RSPO3) and LGR4, that trigger a cascade of reactions in cells (i.e., a signaling pathway) to reduce inflammation in the ischemic brain. RSPO3 and LGR4 also stimulate the growth of extensions from neurons, a process called neurite outgrowth.

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Ischemic stroke, caused by a blockage of blood flow to the brain, is a common cause of death and disability.

21/08/2023

New Insights into ALS

Study suggests inflammatory proteins in innate immune system may damage neurons, lead to ALS

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Study suggests inflammatory proteins in innate immune system may damage neurons, lead to ALS

14/08/2023

In a mouse model, border-associated macrophages, not microglia, were essential for the neuroinflammation that precedes neurodegradation. Targeting this subset could be a disease-modifying therapy in neurodegenerative disease.

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In a mouse model, border-associated macrophages, not microglia, were essential for the neuroinflammation that precedes neurodegradation. Targeting this subset could be a disease-modifying therapy in neurodegenerative disease.

07/08/2023

New Insight into Brain Inflammation Inspires New Hope for Epilepsy Treatment

Clinicians and researchers teamed up to investigate how inappropriate proinflammatory mechanisms contribute to the pathogenesis of drug-refractory epilepsy.

01/08/2023

COVID-19's impact on the brain: Immune response may cause damage

Immune response to COVID-19 infection may lead to damage to blood vessels in the brain, causing neurological symptoms such as "brain fog," a small cadaver study found.

26/07/2023

Researchers have found a surprisingly intricate connection between pain-sensing neurons and immune cells. It may help us understand important immune processes such as inflammation, which could be targeted for future treatments such as medicines that inhibit pain neurons from triggering an immune response.

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Research shows a surprising connection between pain-sensing neurons and immune cells, which may help us understand immune processes and be a target for treatments.

24/07/2023

Neuropathology in COVID-19 autopsies is defined by microglial activation and lesions of the white matter with emphasis in cerebellar and brain stem areas

IntroductionThis study aimed to investigate microglial and macrophage activation in 17 patients who died in the context of a COVID-19 infection in 2020 and 2021.MethodsThrough immunohistochemical analysis, the lysosomal marker CD68 was used to detect diffuse parenchymal microglial activity, pronounc...

21/07/2023

An ischemic stroke occurs when the blood supply to part of the brain is interrupted or reduced, preventing brain tissue from getting oxygen and nutrients. Treatments are needed to improve patient outcomes. Now, researchers from Osaka University identified two proteins that reduce inflammation, stimulate neural growth, and improve sensory and motor functions following ischemic stroke in mice.

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Researchers say that these two proteins reduce inflammation, stimulate neural growth, and improve sensory and motor functions following ischemic stroke in mice.

CNS Inflammation