24/12/2020
Every voice matters: ANTIBIOTIC ABUSE (Part 1)
By Dr Justice Boakye-Appiah
A self-Pronounced Death sentence!!!!!!!!
This meme is supposed to be a medical joke but I don't find it funny. It basically represents a death sentence for someone, more like k) fie k) wu. It represents and signifies an impending doom on healthcare and I fear it is already imminent in Ghana. Let me try to describe and explain the message of the meme.
So if you went to the hospital and the doctor suspected you had an infection, he/she in order to confirm the infection would have to take your blood/urine/stool/discharge/swab or spinal fluid(depending on where the infection is) to the lab. The lab scientist then transfers the sample onto the round plate in the meme. These plates contain nutrients and other supplements which help grow the bacteria if present. So if you do have an infection, the bacteria will grow for easy identification and confirmation. If you do not have an infection, then nothing grows on the plate.
Now, as part of the test process, the lab scientists also attempt to determine the potency of antibiotics against the specific bacteria. So they try killing the bacteria with various antibiotics and eventually advise the doctor on which antibiotic to use.
Those same previously potent antibiotics are no more killing the bacteria. What has changed? THE BUGS HAVE DEVELOPED RESISTANCE TO THE ANTIBIOTICS. And so what will happen to this patient? Your guess is as good as mine. It's basically a death sentence.
If you look at the top image, you notice that there are some round papers on the plates. These are impregnated with antibiotics and so you observe that no bacteria is able to grow in the immediate perimeter of the paper. That tells the doctor that this antibiotic is able to kill the bacteria and so is good for this patient.
On the contrary, in the 2019 image, the bacteria seem to be singing y3ntie obiaa and are even spreading their habitat over the antibiotic impregnated papers.
In 2016, my boss and I published a research paper demonstrating the presence and seriousness of antibiotic-resistant Tuberculosis in Ghana(Boakye-Appiah JK et al, High prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis among patients with rifampicin resistance using GeneXpert Mycobacterium tuberculosis/rifampicin in Ghana. Int J Mycobacteriol 2016;5:226-30). In the course of the project, I identified a patient who was resistant to all first and second-line antibiotics used in the treatment of TB globally. He had been on the medication for over 18 months instead of the standard 6 and was still very sick. His doctors didn't know what was happening to him but could also not help him out. A week after we found the cause, he died. He received a death sentence the day he contracted drug-resistant TB. Already, penicillin is almost useless in Ghana. Resistance is very widespread. And there are quite a number of such documented patterns of antibiotic resistance globally.
In 2016, my boss and I published a research paper demonstrating the presence and seriousness of antibiotic-resistant Tuberculosis in Ghana(Boakye-Appiah JK et al, High prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis among patients with rifampicin resistance using GeneXpert Mycobacterium tuberculosis/rifampicin in Ghana. Int J Mycobacteriol 2016;5:226-30). In the course of the project, I identified a patient who was resistant to all first and second-line antibiotics used in the treatment of TB globally. He had been on the medication for over 18 months instead of the standard 6 and was still very sick. His doctors didn't know what was happening to him but could also not help him out. A week after we found the cause, he died. He received a death sentence the day he contracted drug-resistant TB. Already, penicillin is almost useless in Ghana. Resistance is very widespread. And there are quite a number of such documented patterns of antibiotic resistance globally.
This is the problem statement. what then is the solution? ...