AAUN Obs and Gynae

16/07/2025

Hepatitis C in pregnancy: Screening, Investigation, Treatment and Management
Hepatitis C, a worldwide public health problem, is a blood-borne viral infection that predominantly affects the cells of the liver. The word ‘hepatitis’ means ‘inflammation of the liver’, although recent research has shown that HCV affects a number of other areas of the body. In antenatal period , the Pregnant women are offered Anti HCV antibody testing and if that comes out to be positive Hepatitis C PCR testing is offered. Hepatitis C in pregnancy need special consideration as there is not only very high risk of perinatal and intrauterine transmission of this infection to the baby but also the health care providers are at great risk of getting this infection. Moreover, the mother with hepatic compromise needs special attention regarding the type of treatment and precautions strategies. To study the complete guideline, follow this link: -
https://www.northdevonhealth.nhs.uk/w...















https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QBTJmgG5bYw

Hepatitis C, a worldwide public health problem, is a blood-borne viral infection that predominantly affects the cells of the liver. The word ‘hepatitis’ mea...

01/07/2025

Care of late intrauterine fetal death and stillbirth, Green-top Guideline 2024
Intrauterine fetal death refers to babies with no signs of life in utero. A stillbirth is the death or loss of a baby before or during delivery. Both miscarriage and stillbirth describe pregnancy loss, but they differ according to when the loss occurs.
This guideline emphasizes important points to identify evidence-based options for women (and their relatives) who have a late intrauterine fetal death (IUFD: after 24 completed weeks of pregnancy) of a singleton fetus, to incorporate information on general care before, during and after birth, and care in future pregnancies. The guidance is primarily intended for obstetricians and midwives but might also be useful for women and their partners, general practitioners and commissioners of healthcare.

Intrauterine fetal death refers to babies with no signs of life in utero. A stillbirth is the death or loss of a baby before or during delivery. Both miscarr...

25/06/2025

Steps of Vaginal Hysterectomy
A va**nal hysterectomy involves surgically removing the uterus through the va**na. The procedure typically includes steps like making a va**nal incision, dissecting the bladder and re**um, and then carefully removing the uterus and cervix. Ligating and dividing the supporting ligaments and blood vessels of the uterus are also key steps. Finally, the va**nal opening is closed.

Steps of Vaginal Hystrectomy include: -1-Open the abdomen through Pfannenstiel incision 2-Cut open re**us sheath transversely by mayo’s scissor 3- open rectu...

17/06/2025

Assessment of Cervical Length on Ultrasound/Predicting Preterm Labour by Cervical Length Assessment
Cervical length is assessed best by TVS. However, some radiologists also use TAS for its length measurement. Its assessment is useful predictor of preterm births and second trimester miscarriages so that timely management can be done.

Cervical length is assessed best by TVS. However, some radiologists also use TAS for its length measurement. Its assessment is useful predictor of preterm bi...

16/06/2025

16/06/2025

Ultrasound appearance of O***y / How to visualize ovaries on Ultrasound
In general, we can use either a sagittal or transverse view to identify the ovaries, which are usually located lateral and/or posterior to the uterus. An o***y can be identified on transva**nal ultrasound by the following characteristics:
Posterior and lateral to uterus
Typically measures 2-3 cm in diameter
Less echogenic than surrounding tissue
Static (compared to surrounding bowel)
Anechoic follicular structures

In general, we can use either a sagittal or transverse view to identify the ovaries, which are usually located lateral and/or posterior to the uterus. An ova...

29/05/2025

Endometrial Polyp on ultrasound appear as a well-defined, homogeneous, polypoid lesion that is isoechoic to the endometrium with preservation of the endometrial-myometrial interface.

26/05/2025

Polyhydramnios in singleton pregnancies: perinatal outcomes and management TOG 2014
Polyhydramnios is a condition in pregnancy where there is an excessive amount of amniotic fluid surrounding the fetus. It's typically diagnosed when the amniotic fluid index (AFI) is greater than 24 cm, or a single deepest pocket of fluid is at least 8 cm deep. There are many causes of Polyhydramnios. The maternal causes include uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, Rhesus and other blood group isoimmunization, exposure to medications such as lithium, which leads to fetal diabetes insipidus. Placental causes include tumors such as chorioangiomas. The structural causes include Tracheal Atresia, duodenal Atresia, esophageal Atresia, mediastinal Mass, thoracic Mass, diaphragmatic Hernia.

Polyhydramnios is a condition in pregnancy where there is an excessive amount of amniotic fluid surrounding the fetus. It's typically diagnosed when the amni...

22/05/2025

Heavy Menstrual Bleeding TOG 2017
Heavy menstrual bleeding affects one in five premenopausal women and significantly impairs quality of life. Management options for heavy menstrual bleeding are diverse and include a variety of medical and surgical treatments. Surgical treatment options are endometrial ablation, hysterectomy and myomectomy. Treatment choice for heavy menstrual bleeding should take into account the underlying pathology, the woman's preferences and fertility needs.
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Heavy menstrual bleeding affects one in five premenopausal women and significantly impairs quality of life. Management options for heavy menstrual bleeding a...

17/05/2025

TAH Steps

This Channel is providing knowledge in the field of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Obstetrics is related to medical and surgical care before, during, and after ...

12/05/2025

Uterine Anomalies /Reproductive Implications and Management of Congenital Uterine Anomalies (SIP)
Congenital uterine anomalies (CUAs) are malformations of the womb that develop during fetal life. When a baby girl is in her intra-uterine life, her uterus develops as two separate halves from two tubular structures called ‘mullerian ducts’, which fuse together before she is born. Abnormalities that occur during the baby’s development can be variable from complete absence of a womb through to more subtle anomalies, which are classified into specific categories.

Congenital uterine anomalies (CUAs) are malformations of the womb that develop during fetal life. When a baby girl is in her intra-uterine life, her uterus d...

30/04/2025

Nasogastric Tube Insertion / Insertion of NG tube
A nasogastric tube (NG tube) is a thin, flexible plastic tube that's used for temporary medical purposes. “Nasogastric” means “nose to stomach”. Nasogastric intubation is a medical process involving the insertion of a plastic tube through the nose, down the esophagus, and down into the stomach.

A nasogastric tube (NG tube) is a thin, flexible plastic tube that's used for temporary medical purposes. “Nasogastric” means “nose to stomach”. Nasogastric ...