17/05/2025
[HERMES]
🧬 THYROXINE 🧬
Have you wonder why iodine, a trace mineral, is crucial? Thyroxine (T4) is a key hormone produced by the thyroid gland, composed of four iodine atoms and derived from the amino acid tyrosine. It circulates mostly bound to proteins and is converted in target tissues to its active form, triiodothyronine (T3). The hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis regulates thyroxine levels. The hypothalamus secretes thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), stimulating the pituitary to release thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which in turn prompts the thyroid to produce T4 and T3.
Thyroxine plays a vital role in regulating metabolism, growth, and development, especially in the brain during infancy. Deficiency in thyroxine causes hypothyroidism, leading to fatigue, weight gain, and cold intolerance, while excess causes hyperthyroidism, characterized by weight loss, heat intolerance, and anxiety. In infants, severe hypothyroidism can result in cretinism, causing developmental delays. Thyroxine replacement therapy is commonly used to treat hypothyroidism, highlighting its critical role in maintaining metabolic and physiological balance in the body.
Hence, adequate iodine intake, typically through iodized salt or iodine-rich foods (like seafood and dairy), ensures normal thyroxine production and healthy thyroid function.
❓Why is thyroxine called the “iodine hormone”❓(answer in the comment)
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