04/14/2025
Here are some key facts about Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI):
1. Definition
TBI is a disruption in normal brain function caused by a blow, bump, or jolt to the head, or a penetrating injury (like a gunshot).
2. Types
Mild TBI (concussion): Brief change in mental status or consciousness.
Moderate TBI: Loss of consciousness from 30 minutes to 24 hours.
Severe TBI: Loss of consciousness for more than 24 hours.
3. Common Causes
Falls (especially in the elderly and young children)
Motor vehicle accidents
Sports injuries
Assaults
Explosive blasts (common in military)
4. Symptoms
Physical: Headache, dizziness, nausea, fatigue, speech problems.
Cognitive: Confusion, memory problems, difficulty concentrating.
Emotional: Mood swings, depression, anxiety.
Sleep: Sleeping more or less than usual, trouble falling asleep.
5. Diagnosis
Neurological exams
Imaging tests (CT scan, MRI)
Cognitive tests and symptom checklists
6. Recovery
Varies widely based on severity, location of injury, and overall health.
May involve physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, and psychological support.
7. Long-Term Effects
Can include chronic headaches, difficulty thinking or focusing, mood disorders, and increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s.
8. Prevention
Wearing helmets (bike, motorcycle, sports)
Using seat belts
Fall-proofing homes for elderly
Proper sports safety practices