31/01/2026
Testicular Torsion (Sudden Pain Means About 6 Hours to Save the Testicle)
What is Testicular Torsion?
Testicular torsion is a condition in which a testicle twists around the spermatic cord. This twisting cuts off the blood supply to the testicle. Without blood, the testicle does not receive oxygen, which causes tissue damage to begin. If treatment is not provided in time, the testicle can die. This is a true medical emergency.
Why is it so dangerous?
The spermatic cord supplies the testicle with blood, oxygen, and nerves. When the cord twists, blood flow stops, tissue damage begins, and permanent injury can occur within a few hours. That is why doctors say: time equals testicle.
Why is the “6-hour” window so important?
According to medical research, if treatment is done within four to six hours, the testicle can often be saved. After six to twelve hours, damage increases rapidly. After twenty-four hours, the testicle is usually no longer salvageable.
Approximate salvage rates are as follows:
Within 6 hours: about 90 percent
Between 6 and 12 hours: about 50 percent
After 24 hours: less than 10 percent
What causes testicular torsion?
Testicular torsion occurs most commonly in teenagers and young men, but it can happen at any age. Risk factors include a loose attachment of the testicle (known as the bell clapper deformity), sudden movement or sports activity, trauma or injury, twisting during sleep, and cold weather. In many cases, it happens without any warning.
Warning signs (never ignore them)
Sudden and severe pain in one testicle
Swelling of the sc***um
One testicle positioned higher than the other
Nausea or vomiting
Lower abdominal pain
Redness or firmness of the scrotal skin
The pain is usually sudden and very severe.
How is it diagnosed?
Diagnosis is made through physical examination and Doppler ultrasound to check blood flow. However, if there is a strong suspicion of torsion, doctors proceed directly to surgery without delay.
Treatment
The only treatment is emergency surgery (detorsion). During surgery, the testicle is untwisted, blood flow is restored, and both testicles are fixed to prevent future torsion. If blood supply cannot be restored, the damaged testicle must be removed (orchiectomy).
What happens if treatment is delayed?
Delayed treatment can cause permanent damage to the testicle, increase the risk of infertility, lead to hormonal problems, and cause psychological stress. Timely treatment can prevent these complications.
Simple summary
In testicular torsion, blood supply to the testicle is blocked. Sudden pain is the most important warning sign. There are about six hours to save the testicle. Immediate surgery is necessary. Do not wait for the pain to go away on its own.
Medical disclaimer
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for medical advice. In case of sudden testicular pain, seek emergency medical care immediately.
