21/10/2025
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Healthy bones have high bone mineral density (BMD).
Normal bone mineral density: The highest level of mineral content and strength.
is a condition of low BMD that is a precursor to osteoporosis.
A condition of low bone density that is less severe than osteoporosis.
Diagnosis: A T-score between \(-1\) and \(-2.5\).
Symptoms: Typically has no symptoms, but increases the risk of developing osteoporosis.
Management: Focuses on preventing further bone loss through lifestyle changes and, in some cases, supplements.
is a more severe form of bone loss where bones are thin, porous, and have a high risk of fracture.
A severe condition where bones become weak, brittle, and prone to fractures.
Diagnosis: A T-score of \(-2.5\) or lower.
Symptoms: May be painless until a fracture occurs, most commonly in the hip, spine, or wrist.
Management: Involves lifestyle changes, and sometimes medication may be prescribed.
How to support bone health
: Consume enough calcium (1,000-1,300 mg/day for adults, depending on age and s*x) and vitamin D. Good sources of vitamin D include oily fish, fortified foods, and sun exposure.
: Engage in weight-bearing exercises like walking, jogging, and strength training, as well as balance exercises like yoga .
: Limit or avoid alcohol and smoking, as they can accelerate bone loss.
: Take steps to prevent falls, such as using nightlights and grab bars, especially if you have osteopenia or osteoporosis.
Dr.Gopika Gopalakrishnan
BAMS
Assistant Medical Officer
Santhigiri Ayurveda & Siddha Hospital
159, Siva building, opp AIADMK office, LIoyds Road, Royapettah, chennai 600014
📞 +919092432588
📞 +919363502588