12/03/2025
The Diversity of Causes of Thickened Nails: Beyond Fungal Infections
Introduction
Thickened nails can be a common concern for many, often leading people to assume that it’s a sign of a fungal infection. However, a variety of factors can contribute to nail thickening, and it’s essential to understand these to avoid misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment.
Causes of Thickened Nails
1. Fungal Infections (Onychomycosis)
 While it’s a prevalent cause, fungal infections account for only a portion of thickened nails.
 Symptoms include yellowing, distortion, and brittleness of the nail.
2. Psoriasis
 A chronic skin condition that often affects the nails, leading to pitting, discoloration, and thickening.
 Nails may also separate from the nail bed in severe cases.
3. Eczema and Dermatitis
 Skin conditions like eczema can cause inflammation and thickening of the nails due to repeated irritation or scratching.
4. Trauma and Injury
 Physical damage to the nail or nail bed can lead to thickening as the body attempts to repair the area.
 This can include sports injuries, improper nail care, or repeated minor traumas.
5. Aging
 As people age, nails may naturally thicken due to a decrease in circulation and slower nail growth.
6. Nutritional Deficiencies
 Lack of essential vitamins and minerals, such as biotin, can lead to changes in nail texture and thickness.
7. Systemic Diseases
 Conditions like diabetes, thyroid disorders, or lung diseases can manifest in nail changes, including thickening, due to poor circulation or metabolic imbalances.
8. Genetics
 Some individuals may have a hereditary predisposition to thick nails, which may not be linked to a fungal infection or any disease.
Conclusion
Understanding that thickened nails can arise from various non-fungal reasons is crucial for effective treatment. Proper diagnosis often requires a comprehensive evaluation by a healthcare provider, including physical examination and possibly laboratory tests, to identify the root cause. This understanding can lead to more effective treatment strategies that target the actual problem rather than a presumption of fungal infection.