Muka the para vet

13/07/2025

𝐑𝐚𝐛𝐢𝐞𝐬: 𝐀 𝐃𝐞𝐚𝐝𝐥𝐲 𝐛𝐮𝐭 𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐚𝐛𝐥𝐞 𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐞𝐚𝐬𝐞

Rabies is a viral zoonotic disease that affects the central nervous system of mammals, including humans. It is caused by the Rabies virus, belonging to the genus Lyssavirus.

Transmission
Rabies is primarily transmitted through the bite of an infected animal. Dogs are the main source of human rabies deaths, contributing to about 99% of all transmissions. The virus can also enter the body through saliva contact with open wounds or mucous membranes.

Pathogenesis
After entering the body, the virus travels via peripheral nerves toward the brain. Once it reaches the central nervous system, it causes fatal encephalitis. Death is almost certain once clinical symptoms appear.

Clinical Signs in Animals
Rabies occurs in two forms:

Furious Rabies: Aggression, biting, excessive salivation, inability to swallow.

Paralytic Rabies: Weakness, incoordination, progressive paralysis, drooping jaw.

Symptoms in Humans
Initial signs include fever and tingling at the wound site, followed by confusion, agitation, hydrophobia (fear of water), hallucinations, and eventually coma and death.

Prevention

Vaccination of dogs and cats is the most effective way to prevent rabies.

Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) in humans is critical after any potential exposure.

Community-wide dog vaccination programs are essential for breaking the transmission cycle.

Veterinary Importance
Veterinarians play a crucial role in:

Preventing rabies at its animal source.

Promoting public education on responsible pet ownership and bite prevention.

Leading vaccination campaigns and reporting suspected cases.

Global Concern
Rabies causes around 59,000 human deaths each year, mainly in Asia and Africa. Despite its severity, rabies is 100% preventable through timely vaccination and awareness.

References:

World Health Organization (WHO):

WHO fact sheet on rabies, providing key facts and information on symptoms, diagnosis, transmission, post-exposure prophylaxis, local treatment, prevention, WHO response

24/04/2024

23/04/2024

Dog lover🐕♥️ hit me up for all your Dog queries!

10/01/2024

One of man's favorite friends♥️
For all your Dog treatments, vaccinations and consultations you can contact muka the para vet to serve you better

16/12/2023

Shout out to my newest followers! Excited to have you onboard! Clivet Chizyibwa, King Sianjina

11/12/2023

Vaccinate one, SAVE many. Vaccinations are necessary to protect your dog from infectious diseases. Get your pet vaccinated against Rabies today!

10/12/2023

One of man's best friend want any help with some Dog management you can reach us out.

08/12/2023

You want happiness? Get this loyal friend ♥️♥️

06/12/2022

✓Bovine_Brucellosis
Bovine brucellosis is a contagious disease of livestock typically caused by Brucella abortus which may also infect people. The disease is also known as “contagious abortion” or “Bang's disease” in livestock
B. abortus causes abortion and infertility in adult cattle and is a zoonosis which is present worldwide. Humans are commonly infected after drinking unpasteurized milk from affected animals or, less commonly, when coming into contact with infected tissues and liquids (afterbirth, etc.). Brucellosis is a bacterial disease caused by various Brucella species, which mainly infect cattle, swine, goats, sheep and dogs.

✓Mode of transmission.
In human..
Eating undercooked meat or consuming unpasteurized/raw dairy products. The most common way to be infected is by eating or drinking unpasteurized/raw dairy products. When sheep, goats, cows, or camels are infected, their milk becomes contaminated with the bacteria.

In animal
Natural transmission occurs by ingestion of organisms, which are present in large numbers in aborted fetuses, fetal membranes, and uterine discharges. Cattle may ingest contaminated feed and water or may lick contaminated ge****ls of other animals.

✓Signs
The most obvious signs in pregnant cattle include *abortion,
* birth of weak calves,
* vaginal discharge
* fever,
* joint
* pain
* fatigue.
Note: Not all infected cows abort, but those that do usually abort is between the fifth and seventh month of gestation.

✓Treatment
Generally, the antibiotics and are recommended in combination for a minimum of 6-8 weeks.

Keep following chimuka innvations for more info

28/11/2022

Aspergillosis in Chickens (Fungal Pneumonia):

1.Etiology:

The fungus causing Aspergillosis in poultry is Aspergillus fumigatus

2.Transmission:

Transmission is by inhalation of fungus spores from contaminated litter (e.g. wood shavings, straw) or contaminated feed. Hatcheries may also contribute to infection of the chicks.

3.Epidemiology:

Young chickens are very susceptible. Older chickens are more resistant to infection. Turkey poults, pheasants, quails, ducklings, and goslings
may also become infected.

4.Clinical Signs:

Infected chickens show signs of:
💉Depression and thirsty.
💉Gasping and rapid breathing can be observed.
💉Fever.
💉Inappetence.
💉Emaciation.
💉Mortality is variable, from 5 to 50%.
💉Gross lesions involve the lungs and airsacs primarily.
💉Yellow-white pin head sized lesions can be found.
💉Sometimes all body cavities are filled with small yellow-green granular fungus growth.

5.Diagnosis:

The presence of Aspergillus fumigatus can be identified microscopically or sometimes even with the naked eye in the air passages of the lungs, in the airsacs or in lesions of the abdominal cavity. Aspergillosis can be confirmed by isolation and identification of the fungus from lesions.

6.Treatment:

💉 No specific treatment available.

💉spontaneous recovery if re exposure is prevented

7.Control:

⭕Removing the birds from contaminated area.

⭕Removing infected birds from the flock.

⭕Removing contaminated materials.

⭕Increase ventilation and air exchange.

Keep following chimuka innvations

28/11/2022

Cow Parturition Indicators:
***************************

How to know when a cow will calve?

Cow calving and knowing when your cow will calve is important because it can mean the difference between the life or death of your calf, cow or both.

So therefore it is important to know what to look out for when your cow is about to give birth. Cows are very much like humans, all different with different problems.

Many people dream about the good life and homesteading and also would like to own a milking cow for cheese making. However, this also means that the cow has to be mated on a regular basis and she will eventually have her calf or sometimes calves if there are twins. When you are placed in a situation like this without having any knowledge of cow calving it can be a little overwhelming.

Hopefully, when your cow was mated you were present and know the month that the calf is expected. It is also hoped that your cow was mated with a bull of either the same cattle breed or size. You would have lots of problems if your Jersey cow had been mated with a large Hereford bull.

1.Calving and knowing the due date:

Knowing the month of the calf's due birth makes things a lot easier and if you are vigilant you will be able to follow the progress. One of the first signs of cow pregnancy will be the cow's increase in appetite and enlarging of the udder.

The enlarging of the udder usually happens at 7 months. If you are still milking your cow, she should be dried off 6 weeks before the calving. If your cow is very small, it is even better to dry her off at 12 weeks before the calving to allow her to put on weight and take time to grow a little.

2.Calving and the week before:

In the last week of before cow calving there are obvious signs known. The abdomen is distended, milk veins under the stomach can easily be seen, often in a v-shape under the belly.

The backside of the cow becomes loose and the udders start to swell. Also the ribs won't be that visible and increased.

25/11/2022

Critical things you need to do in the first 24 hours after a calf is born:

A calf is tomorrow’s cow. From the health point of view, the life of a bovine is divided into two parts; the first 24 hours, and the rest.

The first 24 hours of life of a calf is so important that it has a strong bearing on the rest of its life.

A calf which is not provided adequate care in the first 24 hours may succumb to diseases or will always remain weak and an under-performer, even though it has good genetic potential and is provided a good environment.

Important points to remember:

1. Clean nostrils and mouth which helps the calf breathe better and help prevent future breathing problems.

2. Allow the mother to lick the calf clean which promotes circulation within the calf’s body and prepares the calf to stand up and walk.

3. Cut the navel cord at a distance of around 2 inches from the base with a clean instrument.

4. Dip the navel (a simple smearing will not serve the purpose) in 3.5% or higher tincture of iodine solution ensuring a minimum contact time of at least 30 seconds.

5. Tie the exposed end of the cord with a clean thread to close the opening.

6. Repeat navel dipping after 12 hours. A poorly maintained navel is the gateway to serious infections.

7. A new born calf should be given 2 litres of colostrum within the first 2 hours of birth and 1-2 litres (based on size) within 12 hours of birth.

8. Many calves do not nurse adequate amounts of colostrum from their dams within the first few hours of life, and thus they may not receive adequate immunity.

9. Feeding colostrum after 24 hours of birth may not help the calf to ward off infections.

10. A calf must receive adequate colostrum to protect it from diseases for the first three months of its life. Colostrum is the calf’s “passport to life”.

11. Hand-feeding new-born calves is therefore recommended so that the farmer is sure about the amount of colostrum an individual calf receives.

12. De-worming should be done within 10-14 days of age subsequently on a monthly basis up to the 6th month.

13. When the animal is 6 months old, contact the veterinarian for vaccination.

14. Provide calf starter from 2-8 weeks for better growth and early maturity.