Dr.Nisar Medical Information

03/09/2022

Drugs during pregnancy
H² receptor antagonist

31/08/2022

Drugs during pregnancy
Proton pump inhibitors...

25/07/2022

Indications: • Mild and moderate pain (headache, toothache, joint
and muscle pain, dysmenorrhoea, migraine) • Fever • Anti￾inflammatory and pain-relief in rheumatic diseases • Anti￾coagulation to prevent myocardial infarction or stroke in patients
with angina, atrial fibrillation and after myocardial infarction.

In children under 6 years, use paracetamol instead of
acetylsalicylic acid because of risk of Reye’s syndrome
(acute encephalopathy and liver failure).
Ac e t yl s a l ic yl i c
a c i d *
(Aspirin)
Tablets 100, 300 and 500 mg ORAL PAIN or FEVER (low dose)
Children
(6–12 months 75 mg)
(1–5 years 150 mg up to 4 times daily)
6–12 years 250–300 mg up to 4 times daily
Adults 500–600 mg up to 4 times daily
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY (high dose)
6–12 years 500 mg 3–4 times daily
Adults 500–1000 mg 3–4 times daily
ANTICOAGULATION
Adults 100 mg once daily for life-time
Contra-indications:
Contra-indicated in patients with previous gastro￾intestinal ulceration or bleeding. Contra-indicated
in allergy to other NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti￾inflammatory drugs: diclofenac, ibuprofen,
indomethacin). Avoid in asthma and children
under 6 years.
Pregnancy:
Contra-indicated during the last 3 months before
delivery because of an increased risk of bleeding,
delayed onset and increased duration of labour.
Use paracetamol in pregnancy.
Breastfeeding:
Avoid, occasional low doses are safe to give.
Side effects:
Occult (unrecognised) gastro-intestinal bleeding, epigastric pain, nausea,
asthma. Dizziness and ringing in the ears (tinnitus) are signs of toxicity:
reduce the dosage.
Interactions:
Do not combine with other NSAIDs (diclofenac, ibuprofen,
indomethacin) or corticosteroids because of increased risk of gastro￾intestinal bleeding. Do not give with probenecid.

04/07/2022

Pharmacology
Mechanism of Action

29/06/2022

24/06/2022

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21/05/2022

• Most commonest ENT emergency.
• Look for: Pulse, BP, RR, Urine output, Shock and Anemia.
• Immediately Rx.
° Maintain ABC.
° Stop anticoagulant drugs.
° Inj R/L, N/S 1000ml × IV.
° Inj Transamine 500mg-1000mg × IV stat and then 500mg BID.
° Inj ceftraxone 1000mg IV.
° Inj vitamin K ( SOS ).
° Stop antiplatelet medicine 💊.
° Stop bleeding first with appropriated procedure.
° send lab: CBC, LFTs, UCE, PT APTT INR,
Blood grouping and cross matching.
° Give one Pint/unit of PCVs and keep ready two donor ( 2 unit PCVs ) × cross match.
° Arrange FFPs if INR deranged.

19/05/2022

● Tension Headache.
○ C/C.
• Dull,aching head pain (pain like the band squeezing the head. )
• Sensation of tightness or pressure across your forehead or on the sides and back of your head.
• Tenderness on your scalp, neck and shoulder muscles.
• Duration: Days to weeks
• Decrease appetite.
• Depression/Stress.

15/05/2022

● Cluster Headache.
○ C/C
• Very severe, universal, non-throbbing Headaches.
• Nausea and vomiting
• Duration:30 minutes- 3 hours.
• Periorbital, recurrent ("in Cluster " over time)
• Other symptoms: Horner syndrome (ptosis, miosis, anhidrosis), lacrimation, nasal congestion.

12/05/2022

Migraine Headache.
● C/C
• One sided throbbing head pain (Pulsating)
• Sensitivity to light (Phonophpbia)
• Nausea and vomiting
• Visual or neurologic auras
• Duration 4-- 72 hours

11/05/2022

● C/C
• Pain on one side of lower back.
• Pain down the back of the leg.
• Pain that worsens when standing or sitting.
• Constant feeling of pins and needles down the leg.
• Loss of sensation.
• Numbness in leg.
• Weakness in leg.

■ How to avoid Sciatica Pain
It may not be possible to prevent Sciatica, but these lifestyle may help.
○ Avoid back strain --- lift things properly!
○ Maintain your ideal weight.
○ Eat a healthy diet.
○ Exercise regularly.
○ Practice good posture.
○ Quite smoking.

10/05/2022

●C/C
• Acute onset of Lower extremities joint pain
(Great Toe)
• Fever and chills
• Intense joint pain that is most severe in the
first 12 to 24 hours
• Joint pain that lasts a few days to few weeks and spread to more joints over time
• Redness, tenderness and swelling of the joints (Joint inflammation) Asymmetric joint involvement

23/04/2022

● Rheumatoid Arthritis.
▪︎C/C
• symmetric joint pain.
• tender, warm, swollen joints.
• swelling of small peripheral joints.
• morning joint stiffness of variable duration ( joint stiffness that is usually worse in the morning and after inactivity)
• fever and weight loss.

21/04/2022

●Post Chikengunya Arthritis
● C/C
• Fever (sometimes as high as 104°F)
• Joint pain
• Headache
• muscle pain
• Rash
• swelling around the joint
• Less commonly symptoms can be accompanied by a maculopapular rash ( Similar to Measles or heat rash) conjunctivitis, nausea, vomiting.

19/04/2022

■ Arthritis.
C/C
• pain.
• stiffness.
• swelling.
• Redness.
• Decreased range of motion.

18/04/2022

" ■■■ Osteoporosis
:● low back pian which radiate around the trunk or down the limb.
:●A gradual loss of height and appearance of thoracic kyphosis.
:● Difficulty in bearing weight.
:● Depression.
:● history of fractures.

17/04/2022

" Osteoarthritis
C/C
: Pain on exertion. Which is relieved rest
-: pain worsens with use and improves with rest. Commonly involves the hands,hips,and knee
" pain in both complete flexion +extension
" crepitus on joint movement
" Constant pain ( including at night)
" Morning joint stiffness usually lasting < 30 minutes
2: Physical exam
" Joint tenderness
Decreased range of motion
Bony swelling
- swelling of the distal inter phalangeal ( herberden nodes)
- swelling of the proximal inter phalangeal ( bouchard nodes)

11/04/2022

Coming soon