Complexity Science Hub

Complexity Science Hub We Are Europe's Research Center Translating Data into Solutions for a Better World.

The Complexity Science Hub (CSH) is Europe’s research center for the study of complex systems. We derive meaning from data from a range of disciplines – economics, medicine, ecology, and the social sciences – as a basis for actionable solutions for a better world. Established in 2016, we have grown to over 70 researchers, driven by the increasing demand to gain a genuine understanding of the networks that underlie society, from healthcare to supply chains. Through our complexity science approaches linking physics, mathematics, and computational modeling with data and network science, we develop the capacity to address today's and tomorrow’s challenges. CSH members are AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, BOKU University, Central European University CEU, Graz University of Technology, IT:U Interdisciplinary Transformation University Austria, Medical University of Vienna, TU Wien, University of Continuing Education Krems, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna University of Economics and Business, and WKO Austrian Economic Chambers.

🔥 What a start! The 2026 is underway and day 1 already left plenty to think about. What happens to the "space of explo...
14/04/2026

🔥 What a start! The 2026 is underway and day 1 already left plenty to think about. What happens to the "space of exploration" when AI begins to drive the scientific process? We kicked off our Winter School at the Complexity Science Hub with James Evans, exploring not just how researchers use AI and how AI is making researchers more powerful, but what it means for science itself: how AI risks narrowing the space for exploration, blurring the line between rigor and noise, and raising questions about what happens to scientific quality when machines take on more of the process. The big question: Can we ever embed genuine curiosity into a machine?

The afternoon shifted gears: a hands-on workshop with Ljubica Nedelkoska, a fishbowl discussion moderated by Frank Neffke, and first steps on the group projects for our 23 participants.

Day 1 done, day 2 underway, and more to come, with Johannes Wachs, Liuhuaying Yang, Maria del Rio-Chanona, and Tom Kemeny still ahead.

🌟🌟 𝗣𝗦: 𝗝𝗮𝗺𝗲𝘀 𝗘𝘃𝗮𝗻𝘀 𝗴𝗶𝘃𝗲𝘀 𝗮 𝗽𝘂𝗯𝗹𝗶𝗰 𝗹𝗲𝗰𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲 𝘁𝗼𝗺𝗼𝗿𝗿𝗼𝘄. 𝗥𝗲𝗴𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗵𝗲𝗿𝗲: https://csh.ac.at/events/the-singularity-will-not-be-singular-complexity-or-collapse-in-ai-collective-intelligence/

This year’s is organized by Frank Neffke, Ljubica Nedelkoska, Xiangnan Feng, and Hillary Vipond.

🔗 Learn more: https://csh.ac.at/education/winterschool/

𝗛𝗼𝘄 𝗱𝗼 𝘄𝗲 𝗸𝗻𝗼𝘄 𝘄𝗲 𝗰𝗮𝗻 𝘁𝗿𝘂𝘀𝘁 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗮𝗹𝗴𝗼𝗿𝗶𝘁𝗵𝗺𝘀 𝘁𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗸 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝘄𝗼𝗿𝗹𝗱’𝘀 𝗲𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗼𝗺𝗶𝗲𝘀?For over a decade, researchers have used tool...
03/04/2026

𝗛𝗼𝘄 𝗱𝗼 𝘄𝗲 𝗸𝗻𝗼𝘄 𝘄𝗲 𝗰𝗮𝗻 𝘁𝗿𝘂𝘀𝘁 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗮𝗹𝗴𝗼𝗿𝗶𝘁𝗵𝗺𝘀 𝘁𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗸 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝘄𝗼𝗿𝗹𝗱’𝘀 𝗲𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗼𝗺𝗶𝗲𝘀?

For over a decade, researchers have used tools like the 𝗘𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗼𝗺𝗶𝗰 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗲𝘅𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗜𝗻𝗱𝗲𝘅 ( ) and the 𝗘𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗼𝗺𝗶𝗰 𝗙𝗶𝘁𝗻𝗲𝘀𝘀 𝗮𝗹𝗴𝗼𝗿𝗶𝘁𝗵𝗺 ( ) to understand why some economies diversify while others stay stuck – but the theoretical foundation was always a bit of a black box.

New research from Vito D. P. Servedio (Complexity Science Hub) and collaborators Alessandro Bellina (CREF - Enrico Fermi Research Center and Museum, Sony CSL (Rome), Sapienza Università di Roma) and Paolo Buttà (Sapienza Università di Roma) provides a deeper foundation for these methods by reinterpreting them through the lens of physics.

The study indicates that trade rankings emerge from the same principles that govern physical systems seeking states of minimal energy.

𝗞𝗲𝘆 𝗜𝗻𝘀𝗶𝗴𝗵𝘁𝘀:

🔎 𝗔 𝗺𝗮𝘁𝗵𝗲𝗺𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗴𝘂𝗮𝗿𝗮𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗯𝗶𝗹𝗶𝘁𝘆? The team showed that the EFC algorithm behaves like a strictly convex system. Much like a ball rolling to the bottom of a bowl, the calculation is designed to reach a single, stable result, providing a formal safeguard against inconsistent or "unrealistic" solutions.

💡 𝗘𝗖𝗜 𝘃𝘀. 𝗘𝗙𝗖 – 𝘁𝘄𝗼 𝗱𝗶𝗳𝗳𝗲𝗿𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗱𝘆𝗻𝗮𝗺𝗶𝗰𝘀: The research reveals that these two measures capture different aspects of trade. While the ECI acts like a harmonic system – smoothing differences to highlight structural similarities – the EFC approach introduces "repulsive" forces that can highlight fragile points and "stress" within a network.

📈 𝗖𝗿𝗼𝘀𝘀-𝗱𝗶𝘀𝗰𝗶𝗽𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗿𝘆 𝗽𝗼𝘁𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗶𝗮𝗹: By reframing these algorithms as energy-minimization problems, the study suggests they could be computed more efficiently and potentially applied to other complex systems, from ecology and infrastructure to emerging frameworks in agentic AI.

This work strengthens the theoretical basis of economic complexity and helps make these methods more trustworthy and usable across diverse fields. It offers a new way to visualize where global trade networks may be under stress, aiming to better understand where resilience ends and fragility begins.

🔗 Read the full story here: https://csh.ac.at/news/seeing-global-trade-through-the-lens-of-physics/

💪 𝗡𝗲𝘅𝘁 𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗽: "𝗣𝗹𝗮𝗰𝗲𝘀 & 𝗦𝗽𝗮𝗰𝗲𝘀" 𝗲𝘅𝗵𝗶𝗯𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 – our power team is on a roll! After its feature at the Wien Museum, the 𝗭𝗼𝗼𝗻𝗼...
03/04/2026

💪 𝗡𝗲𝘅𝘁 𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗽: "𝗣𝗹𝗮𝗰𝗲𝘀 & 𝗦𝗽𝗮𝗰𝗲𝘀" 𝗲𝘅𝗵𝗶𝗯𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 – our power team is on a roll! After its feature at the Wien Museum, the 𝗭𝗼𝗼𝗻𝗼𝘁𝗶𝗰 𝗪𝗲𝗯 is now part of "Places & Spaces: Mapping Science" – a global traveling exhibition that has visited 30 countries and over 450 venues, from the Davos Economic Forum to the New York Public Library.

The project 𝗭𝗼𝗼𝗻𝗼𝘁𝗶𝗰 𝗪𝗲𝗯 is the result of a collaboration between Amélie Desvars-Larrive (Complexity Science Hub & Vetmeduni) and Liuhuaying Yang (Complexity Science Hub), illustrating how complexity science can make invisible risks tangible.

While Amélie and her team distilled five decades of Austrian zoonotic data into a comprehensive transmission map, Liu translated these complex biological interfaces into a navigable visual landscape. Together, they’ve created a tool that reveals the intricate connections between humans, animals, food sources, vectors like ticks, and the environment – a critical perspective for understanding spillover risks.

🦠 Explore the Zoonotic Web: https://vis.csh.ac.at/zoonotic-web/dashboard.html
🖼️ More about "Places & Spaces": https://scimaps.org/home

📺 𝗗𝗶𝘃𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗱𝗲𝗲𝗽𝗲𝗿? Here you can listen to a panel Liu & Amélie did for the 24-Hour “Envisioning Intelligences” event: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-kzKKnZOLIc

🚨 Bavarian law enforcement took down around 370,000 dark web pages as part of "Operation Alice". Methods developed at th...
01/04/2026

🚨 Bavarian law enforcement took down around 370,000 dark web pages as part of "Operation Alice". Methods developed at the Complexity Science Hub helped uncover a link between those pages – revealing a vast network of criminal dark web sites leading to one alleged operator.

🔍 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗺𝗲𝘁𝗵𝗼𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗻𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗱𝗼𝘁𝘀
The dark web shields identities through encryption, while crypto payments obscure financial trails. GraphSense, a tool developed by Bernhard Haslhofer and colleagues at CSH, can systematically trace these transactions, reconstruct fund flows, and surface connections between cases that appear entirely unrelated – revealing that ~370,000 seemingly unrelated pages were in fact one single criminal operation.

"The fact that we were able to map a network of this size is a clear demonstration of what data-driven methods can achieve in the fight against cybercrime," says Haslhofer.

⚖️ 𝗪𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝗵𝗮𝗽𝗽𝗲𝗻𝗲𝗱
Bavarian authorities took down ~370,000 dark web pages – a significant share of all currently active dark web content. All were traced back to a single suspected perpetrator. An international arrest warrant has been issued.

"The scale of the operation, its duration, and the fact that a single suspect allegedly ran all of these pages make this case highly unusual," says Thomas Goger, Deputy Director of the Bavarian Central Office for the Prosecution of Cybercrime ( ).

🔒 𝗪𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝘄𝗮𝘀 𝗼𝗻 𝘁𝗵𝗼𝘀𝗲 𝗽𝗮𝗴𝗲𝘀
Child sexual abuse material, stolen financial credentials, and compromised login data – all offered for sale, and all advance-fee fraud: buyers paid in cryptocurrency and received nothing.

🤝 𝗖𝗦𝗛'𝘀 𝗿𝗼𝗹𝗲
CSH has collaborated with the Bavarian Central Office for the Prosecution of Cybercrime ( ) since 2022. What started with a few dozen pages ultimately uncovered a network of several hundred thousand.

The findings are the result of a collaboration spanning 🇩🇪 Germany, the 🇳🇱 Netherlands, and 🇦🇹 Austria, bringing together law enforcement (ZCB), academic institutions (Complexity Science Hub, TNO), and implementation-focused companies (CFLW Cyber Strategies and Iknaio Cryptoasset Analytics GmbH, a spinoff born out of research at the Complexity Science Hub).

More: https://csh.ac.at/news/csh-cryptocurrency-analysis-helps-shut-down-around-370000-dark-web-sites/

𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗲𝘅𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝘀𝗰𝗶𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗲 𝗺𝗲𝗲𝘁𝘀 𝗽𝗼𝗹𝗶𝗰𝘆𝗺𝗮𝗸𝗶𝗻𝗴, May 4-5 in Vienna. Austria.Are you a student or wondering how your research c...
01/04/2026

𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗲𝘅𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝘀𝗰𝗶𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗲 𝗺𝗲𝗲𝘁𝘀 𝗽𝗼𝗹𝗶𝗰𝘆𝗺𝗮𝗸𝗶𝗻𝗴, May 4-5 in Vienna. Austria.
Are you a student or wondering how your research can actually shape the real world? It’s one thing to master the math of complexity – it’s another to speak the language of policymakers.

On May 4–5, the Complexity Science Hub is hosting a dedicated 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗲𝘅𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗦𝗰𝗶𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗲 𝗣𝗼𝗹𝗶𝗰𝘆 𝗪𝗼𝗿𝗸𝘀𝗵𝗼𝗽 in Vienna, organized by Hillary Vipond and Frank Neffke. This isn't your traditional academic conference. It’s an opportunity to develop a stronger understanding of how policymaking works, and how and where academic research can contribute.

𝗪𝗵𝘆 𝘀𝗵𝗼𝘂𝗹𝗱 𝘆𝗼𝘂 𝗷𝗼𝗶𝗻?
We’re bringing together complexity scientists from institutions including UCL, Interdisciplinary Transformation University and CREF with experts from the OECD, European Commission, International Labour Organization, and the Austrian Ministry for Innovation, Mobility and Infrastructure .

Rather than just listening to lectures, you’ll connect to decision makers in 𝗶𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗮𝗰𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗲 𝘀𝗲𝘀𝘀𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀 to close the gap between research and policy, including:
🐠 Fishbowl discussions: How policy actors think.
🔥 Fireside chats: Present your own research in a small group, discuss policy implications
🚶‍♀‍➡ Walk and talk: Because sometimes the best ideas happen away from a screen.

𝗪𝗵𝗮𝘁’𝘀 𝗶𝗻 𝗶𝘁 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝘆𝗼𝘂?
💡 Learn the "Why" and "How" and understand what kind of evidence policymakers actually value.
🤝 Connect with peers and experts in the international policy space.
💸 The workshop is free, including lunches and a community dinner.

𝗞𝗲𝘆 𝗗𝗲𝘁𝗮𝗶𝗹𝘀:
🗓️ May 4–5 (Welcome event on May 3)
📍 Complexity Science Hub, Vienna
👉 𝗠𝗼𝗿𝗲 𝗶𝗻𝗳𝗼 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗮𝗽𝗽𝗹𝗶𝗰𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: https://csh.ac.at/events/complexity-science-hub-policy-workshop/ (applications are reviewed on a rolling basis)

Join us in welcoming Christopher Kimmel to the Complexity Science Hub as a new Research Assistant!Christopher joins our ...
23/03/2026

Join us in welcoming Christopher Kimmel to the Complexity Science Hub as a new Research Assistant!

Christopher joins our Transforming Economies research group, led by Frank Neffke, where his master's thesis focuses on developing an AI agent to process historical patent data – tracing how collaboration and invention have evolved over centuries.

He holds a bachelor's degree in Physics from the University of Vienna and is currently pursuing a master's in Innovation Sciences at Utrecht University. Beyond academia, he is co-founder of Cyan Cycle, a government-funded startup that recycles CO₂ into biomass.

Welcome, Christopher! 👋

🔗 More about Christopher: https://bit.ly/4s2EXh4
🔗 More about the Transforming Economies research group: https://bit.ly/4rxv4XQ

🔬 We're hiring!Wars. Pandemics. Climate shocks. Global supply chains are under pressure — and the consequences reach far...
18/03/2026

🔬 We're hiring!
Wars. Pandemics. Climate shocks. Global supply chains are under pressure — and the consequences reach far beyond logistics. How do disruptions affect resource use, inequality, and social well-being? Can we build more resilient systems?

At the Complexity Science Hub, we're tackling these questions with unique firm-level data, big data approaches, and complexity science methods. As part of a new interdisciplinary project, we're looking for a Postdoctoral Researcher to further develop an Agent-Based Model simulating the socio-economic impacts of global transition processes – working closely with a diverse research team.

𝗪𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝘄𝗲'𝗿𝗲 𝗹𝗼𝗼𝗸𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗳𝗼𝗿:
A computational thinker with a PhD, strong modeling experience (especially ABMs), and a passion for working at the intersection of economics and complexity science.

𝗪𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝘄𝗲 𝗼𝗳𝗳𝗲𝗿:
📍 Vienna
⏳ 3-year fully funded position (2+1)
🌐 Access to a global network of leading researchers

𝗗𝗲𝗮𝗱𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗲: April 1, 2026
🔗 More infos: https://bit.ly/4raZ3EI

More about our team working on Supply Chain Science: https://bit.ly/408zuZV

🌟 We're excited to welcome Allison Owen to the Complexity Science Hub as a new PhD candidate!Allison joins our Digital C...
16/03/2026

🌟 We're excited to welcome Allison Owen to the Complexity Science Hub as a new PhD candidate!

Allison joins our Digital Currency Ecosystems research group, led by Bernhard Haslhofer, where she investigates how money launderers incorporate virtual assets into their established criminal networks — and the behavioral patterns that give them away.

She brings a rare combination of expertise: a background in Electrical Engineering, graduate studies in Nonproliferation and Terrorism Studies and International Affairs, and published research on virtual asset crime, proliferation finance, and crypto regulation.

Welcome, Allison! 👋

More about Allison: https://bit.ly/3N222S1

We know what it means for a laptop to compute. But can the same be said for a cell, a brain, or a chemical reaction? Unt...
12/03/2026

We know what it means for a laptop to compute. But can the same be said for a cell, a brain, or a chemical reaction? Until now, there was no formal way to even answer that question. Researchers Jan Korbel from the Complexity Science Hub and David Wolpert from the Santa Fe Institute argue that natural systems can also be viewed as computers, and present a new formal framework to identify and examine computations in any dynamic system.

⚙️ 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗰𝗼𝗿𝗲 𝗶𝗱𝗲𝗮:
A system is considered "computing" if its dynamics can be mathematically described like a computer – regardless of whether it does so consciously.

⚗️ 𝗔 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗰𝗿𝗲𝘁𝗲 𝗲𝘅𝗮𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗲:
In a chemical reaction, the initial concentrations are the input, the reactions the processing, and the final concentrations the output.

💡 𝗪𝗵𝘆 𝗶𝘁 𝗺𝗮𝘁𝘁𝗲𝗿𝘀:
The approach could help harness natural processes to solve real-world problems and deepen our understanding of the role information and computation play in nature.

🔗 Learn more: https://csh.ac.at/news/from-laptops-to-cells-what-does-it-mean-to-compute/

This study is part of the REMASS - Emerging fields research project.

Europe is investing heavily in sovereign AI infrastructure – but infrastructure without accessibility is only half the s...
06/03/2026

Europe is investing heavily in sovereign AI infrastructure – but infrastructure without accessibility is only half the story. To close that gap, Complexity Science Hub researcher Georg Heiler built an open-source tool that makes supercomputers accessible – meet dagster-slurm!

⚠️ 𝗪𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗽𝗿𝗼𝗯𝗹𝗲𝗺 𝗶𝘀
Supercomputers are among the most powerful computing resources in the world but using them often requires deep specialist knowledge most researchers and companies simply don't have. As a result, vast computing capacity remains underutilized.

🔧 𝗪𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝘁𝗼𝗼𝗹 𝗱𝗼𝗲𝘀
Dagster-slurm lowers the barrier to use a supercomputer. Researchers can take the same work they run on their laptop and execute it on a national supercomputer – as if moving it from a small desk to a much larger one. No rebuilding, no specialist support needed. Progress and performance are tracked automatically in one place.

👥 𝗪𝗵𝗼 𝗶𝘁'𝘀 𝗳𝗼𝗿
Researchers running AI and machine learning workloads, research software engineers managing scientific data pipelines, and companies looking to use European supercomputing infrastructure without deep expertise in cluster administration.

💡 𝗛𝗼𝘄 𝗶𝘁 𝗰𝗮𝗺𝗲 𝗮𝗯𝗼𝘂𝘁
Georg and colleagues Hernán Picatto and Maximilian Laurent Heß from the Supply Chain Intelligence Institute Austria (ASCII) – brought this idea to life at the EuroCC Austria AI 2025, organized by Austrian Scientific Computing (ASC), Leibniz Supercomputing Centre, Academic Computer Centre CYFRONET AGH, and supported by NVIDIA, among others. A great example of research expertise translating directly into practical impact.

🔗 Learn more: https://csh.ac.at/news/making-supercomputers-easier-to-use/
🔗 Check out dagster-slurm: https://dagster-slurm.geoheil.com

🎡 Vienna, August 24–28. 𝗙𝗶𝘃𝗲 𝗱𝗮𝘆𝘀. 𝗢𝗻𝗲 𝗾𝘂𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻. How do you make complexity understandable? Some phenomena are too compl...
06/03/2026

🎡 Vienna, August 24–28. 𝗙𝗶𝘃𝗲 𝗱𝗮𝘆𝘀. 𝗢𝗻𝗲 𝗾𝘂𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻.
How do you make complexity understandable? Some phenomena are too complex to explain. How diseases spread, how cities grow, how systems fail. They have to be shown. That's the premise behind our 𝗩𝗶𝘀𝘂𝗮𝗹𝗶𝘇𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗲𝘅𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗦𝗰𝗶𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗲 𝗪𝗼𝗿𝗸𝘀𝗵𝗼𝗽 at the Complexity Science Hub – returning for its fourth edition this summer.

The workshop is hosted by CSH's Liuhuaying Yang, our data visualization expert, who has shaped this program into a hands-on, practice-based space where researchers, designers, and journalists explore communicating complexity visually – clearly and honestly, together with Paul Kahn.

This year, guest speakers include:
🎤 Marco Hernandez — graphics editor and data storyteller at the New York Times
🎤 Cary Staples — professor of Graphic Design at the University of Tennessee
🎤 Nathalie Miebach — data sculptor at the intersection of art and science

Applications are open until March 30.
🔗 https://vis.csh.ac.at/vis-workshop-2026/

🌟 "How a mathematician is cracking open Mexico's powerful drug cartels" – with this title, spotlights our researcher R...
05/03/2026

🌟 "How a mathematician is cracking open Mexico's powerful drug cartels" – with this title, spotlights our researcher Rafael Prieto-Curiel.

The piece traces how Rafael uses mathematical models to study what is otherwise very hard to measure: the scale and dynamics of organized crime. His work estimated that by 2022, Mexico's cartels employed around 175,000 people – making them the fifth-largest "employer" in the country. His modelling suggests that policies aimed at preventing people from joining organized crime groups could be more effective at reducing violence than those focused solely on incarceration.

Research that requires not just mathematical skill, but – that could make a real difference. Congrats, Rafael! 👏

🔗 Take a read: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00299-0
🔗 More about the study: https://csh.ac.at/news/curbing-the-violence-by-mexican-cartels/

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