05/05/2026
Learn about Sciatica:
Sciatica is a term used to describe pain that radiates along the path of the sciatic nerve, which extends from the lower back through the hips and buttocks and down each leg. It is not a condition in itself, but rather a symptom of irritation or compression of the nerve.
Symptoms:
The experience of sciatica can vary, ranging from a dull ache to a sharp, burning pain, and may also include tingling, numbness, or muscle weakness in the affected leg.
Causes:
One of the most common causes of sciatica is a lumbar disc herniation, where a spinal disc bulges or ruptures and places pressure on the nerve. Other contributing factors can include spinal stenosis, which involves narrowing of the spinal canal, degenerative changes in the spine, or muscular issues such as tightness in the piriformis muscle located deep in the buttock. Lifestyle and mechanical factors—such as prolonged sitting, poor posture, improper lifting techniques, and low levels of physical activity—can increase the likelihood of developing symptoms.
Management:
Management of sciatica is typically conservative and focuses on relieving symptoms while addressing the underlying cause. Physiotherapy plays a key role, often involving tailored exercises to improve flexibility, strength, and spinal stability. Education around posture, movement patterns, and activity modification is also important. Manual therapy techniques may be used to reduce joint stiffness and soft tissue tension. Remaining active is generally encouraged, as extended bed rest can delay recovery. Surgical intervention is usually considered only when conservative measures have not been effective, or when there is significant nerve compression leading to worsening neurological symptoms.
Early assessment and appropriate management can help reduce pain, improve function, and support a quicker return to normal activities.