01/03/2021
HOW DOES DIET AFFECT OUR MENTAL HEALTH? 🧠
A recent paper published by researchers at the and others reviewed some of the mechanisms behind how diet affects depression. What did they find?
🔹 Long-term inflammation, arising from various factors including poor diet, can lead to the development of many health conditions, including depression. Studies have shown those with severe mental illness have higher amounts of pro-inflammatory foods and lower intakes of anti-inflammatory nutrients, while anti-inflammatory diets are associated with a ⬇️ risk of depression.
🔹 Oxidative stress is the imbalance of free radicals and antioxidants in your body, which can result in damage to our cells, and has been implicated in the development of many diseases, including cancer, heart disease and diabetes, as well as depression and other mental health disorders. Diet can influence oxidative stress through either depriving or ⬆️ the supply of nutrients with antioxidant properties.
🔹There is growing evidence that the gut microbiome is important for cognitive function and mental health. There are several ways in which the gut microbiome may do this, including via the gut-brain axis, neurotransmitters (e.g. serotonin), and through beneficial products of fibre fermentation 🦠
🔹The hippocampus is a region in the brain associated with learning, memory, mood and mental health. This region of the brain can actually change size, a process known as brain plasticity. A key factor that determines the growth of new neurons, and therefore brain plasticity, is a protein called BDNF. Interestingly, lower levels of BDNF have been found in individuals with depression.
Diet has been shown to impact BDNF, with nutrients such as omega 3s 🐟 and polyphenols 🍇 (beneficial plant chemicals) having a beneficial effect, while diets high in fat and sugar have been shown to ⬇️ BDNF.
🔹Depression is associated with dysfunction of the mitochondria, a component of cells involved in energy production, and evidence suggests that poor diet may contribute to this.
There are many other potential ways diet can influence our mental health. For more info, see my link in bio for the paper.