01/10/2025
Coeliac Disease and Gluten Intolerance. Are you confused.
Lee Mason Dietitian
Coeliac disease affects about 1 in 70 people in Australia, but only 20% or 1 in 5 have been diagnosed. This means there may be people in the community who have this autoimmune condition but are not aware they have it.
The symptoms can be fatigue, low iron levels, a range of gastric symptoms, allergy like reactions such as hives, as well as a skin condition called dermatitis herpetiformis.
Ignoring these symptoms can lead to nutritional deficiencies, osteoporosis, and an increased risk for certain cancers.
Coeliac disease is genetically linked. If you have family members with coeliac disease you have a higher likelihood of developing this condition, and it can develop at any age.
Gluten intolerance or non coeliac gluten sensitivity can have very similar symptoms.
The difference is that this is thought to more like a chemical sensitivity and does not cause inflammation and damage to the small intestine that is seen in coeliac disease.
How do I know if I have coeliac disease or gluten sensitivity or non coeliac gluten sensitivity?
There is no specific test for non coeliac gluten sensitivity.
The best idea is to discuss this with your doctor.
There are tests that can be done to identify coeliac disease.
These are blood tests to identify gluten sensitivity and also the GP can test you for the HLA DQ genes.
If these tests are positive the GP will recommend a gastroscope to take a sample of your small intestine. This is to assess if there is damage to the nutrient absorbing fingerlike projections called villi.
What if the tests are negative and I still get the symptoms?
You may have non coeliac gluten sensitivity.
The treatment for both conditions is that same and that is to avoid gluten.
Gluten is in wheat rye triticale and barley. Be aware that wheat free oats are generally well tolerated by people with coeliac disease. A small percentage (less than 10%) of people with coeliac disease react to oats.
The best option is to discuss your issues and symptoms with your Dietitian as they can help you understand and navigate the complexities of avoiding gluten.
Also it is worth reading food labels very carefully and knowing that wheat can be called other names such as spelt durham farro and kamut and be in products such as semolina and bulgur.
Not all gastrointestinal issues are related to gluten. We have become aware of the impact of the bacteria in our bowel, the gut microbiome, on our overall health.
Come and discuss you gut health with me Lee Mason Dietitian.
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