13/02/2026
They were really horrible and fateful days in February 1942.
On the evening of 12 February, the SS Vyner Brooke was one the last ships carrying evacuees to leave Singapore. On board were about 250 men, women and children, including 65 Australian Army Nurses.
Throughout the daylight hours of 13 February the Vyner Brooke laid up in the lee of a small jungle-covered island. She was attacked late in the afternoon by a Japanese aircraft, fortunately with no serious casualties.
At sunset she made a run for the Bangka Straits, heading for Palembang in Sumatra. Prowling Japanese warships, however, impeded her progress. Daylight the next day found her dangerously exposed on a flat sea just inside the Straits.
Not long after 2 pm on Saturday 14 February 1942 the Vyner Brooke was attacked by several Japanese aircraft. Despite evasive action, she was crippled by several bombs and within half an hour rolled over and sunk bow first.
Approximately 150 survivors eventually made it ashore at various locations on Bangka Island, after periods of between eight and 65 hours in the water. The island had just been occupied by the Japanese and most of the survivors were taken captive.
Many passengers were killed in the bombing or died shortly after from drowning or were never heard of again. Although great damage was done to the ship the Nurses remained calm and implemented the plan put together by their 2 Matrons; Paschke and Drummond.
“The plan stressed that all civilians aboard be accounted for and evacuated before the Nurses could leave and several of the nurses had been charged with verifying that the civilians had been evacuated". (P157 On Radji Beach).
Some of the surviving Nurses recalled their experiences and Vivian Bullwinkel said that
"...next day (Friday the13th February) was spent hiding behind islands and avoiding detection. The day was hazy and hot, the sea was calm and the captain knew that he would be foolish to attempt to breakout in these conditions. That night, the Vyner Brooke attempted to slip out to freedom, and eventually it reached the Bangka Strait. After dodging bombs from Japanese planes and machine gun fire which had left the starboard lifeboats holed, the ship eventually received three direct hits. One bomb went down the funnel, while another exploded on the bridge, the third hit the aft section injuring scores of civilians. The vessel began to pitch and soon the frightened passengers heard the sound of pouring water. The Vyner Brooke was sinking and the captain gave the order to abandon ship. The ship was to sink in approximately 15 minutes.
Some of the nurses helped to move the wounded topside, while others lent a hand getting everyone up on. The civilians were ordered to go over the side first, and "...those that weren't too keen to leave, we gave a helping hand to!" They were no sooner in the water, than enemy pilots returned and began strafing the human flotsam. There was utter pandemonium, one lifeboat holding the elderly and children turned over and two empty lifeboats, with bullet holes in them, dropped into the sea.
Fate determined what happened to the Nurses.
Some made it ashore relatively quickly and became POWs; others floated at the mercy of the currents for many, many hours until they too reached 'safety' as POWs. The wretched ones ended up on Radji Beach to a horrible fate a few days later.
The photo below of a graphic shows how the Nurses were at the mercy of the currents. This was prepared by Dr Ian McGregor whose mother, Sister Sylvia Muir, survived the sinking and captivity to return to Australia.
Of the 65 Australian nurses who embarked on the Vyner Brooke in Singapore, 12 were killed during the air attack or drowned following the sinking, 21 were executed on Radji Beach, and 32 became Prisoners of War, 8 of whom subsequently died before the end of the war.
Only 24 Nurses returned to Australia.
Next Monday, at the 84th Anniversary Commemorations at Muntok and Radji Beach we will be remembering the Nurses and many others who died on those fateful days in February 1942.
Sources
Public records
AWM Website
On Radji Beach by Ian Shaw
Dr Ian McGregor