07/04/2021
Iâm not your âgood girlâ â why older people donât like being spoken to like a baby
Calling older people names like âsweetieâ or âdearâ is quite common in aged care homes. But researchers have found that when aged care workers speak to older people as though they are children, it creates the perception of incompetence, and that can lead to a downward spiral.
We have all heard of an older person being called âsweetieâ or âdearâ, or being rewarded with the words âgood boyâ. While this type of language is usually delivered with the best of intentions, speaking to older people as though they are children also is a sign of ageist attitudes and creates the sense that the older person is incompetant.
The issue of talking to aged care residents as though they are children came up on HelloCareâs Aged Care Worker Support Group recently, and we decided to explore the topic.
Members of the group recognised that âelderspeakâ, as the practice is called, is disrespectful and patronising, and not in keeping with the first Aged Care Quality and Safety Standard: âI am treated with dignity and respectâ.
âElderspeakâ creates a âdownward spiralâ
Researchers have shown that elderspeak can even lead to declines in both mental and physical health.
In a study, researchers videoed conversations between 20 residents and staff in aged care homes.
The researchers found that when the carers used elderspeak, patients became more aggressive, less cooperative and less receptive to care.
When staff spoke to them as though they were children, the older people grimaced, screamed and refused to cooperate with staff.
Dr Kristine Williams, one of the reportâs authors, told The New York Times that care staff who use elderspeak donât realise the implications of the language theyâre using. They donât realise theyâre giving older people the message that theyâre incompetent.
The language âbegins a negative downward spiral for older persons, who react with decreased self-esteem, depression, withdrawal and the assumption of dependent behaviours.â
Dr Kristine Williams
Little insults lead to negative perceptions of ageing
A fellow researcher, Becca Levy, associate professor of epidemiology and psychology, Yale University, said using âelderspeakâ contributes to poor perceptions of ageing.
âThose little insults can lead to more negative images of ageing,â she told The New York Times.
âThose who have more negative images of ageing have worse functional health over time, including lower rates of survival.â
Levyâs research has shown that those who have a positive attitude towards ageing live 7.5 years longer than those with a less positive image of ageing, a larger increase than that associated with exercising more or not smoking.
What is âelderspeakâ?
As mentioned, elderspeak is the practice of speaking to older people as though they were children.
The examples used by the researchers included âgood girlâ and âhoneyâ.
They also tested the collective âweâ, such as in the question âhow are we feeling?â, which is both grammatically incorrect and implies the older person can not make a decision themselves.
Features of elderspeak include simple vocabulary, short sentences, slow, loud speech and inappropriately intimate terms of endearment.
How should we speak to older people?
Colin McDonnell, dementia consultant at Calvary Care, told HelloCare that speaking to older people as though they are children is humiliating and frustrating for them.
To begin with, McDonnell says older people should be called by their name and if they have a title, for example professor, then they should continue to be called by that title.
When you speak to older people, use a ânormalâ tone and ânormalâ language, McDonnell said.
Body language makes up 95% of how we communicate, so also keep it in mind. Make sure you are at the personâs eye level, and establish eye contact. Lean in a little to show your interest. Donât stand over older people when you talk to them, because that might make them perceive a power imbalance and feel intimidated.
âThe way we communicate with older people is very important to maintaining their dignity and quality of life,â McDonnell said.
âItâs upsettingâ
Understanding the impacts of elderspeak is particularly important for people living with dementia.
People living with dementia cling to their sense of self or personhood, Williams told The New York Times.
âIf you know youâre losing your cognitive abilities and trying to maintain your personhood, and someone talks to you like a baby, itâs upsetting.â