02/06/2026
In Schema Therapy, schemas are enduring patterns of thinking, feeling, and relating to ourselves and others, often shaped by early experiences. Today, we're focusing on the Dependence/Incompetence schema.
This schema often develops when our core needs for autonomy and competence are not adequately supported in childhood. It can arise when caregivers are overprotective, controlling, or overly involved in decision-making and problem-solving. While these caregivers may have had good intentions, they may have unintentionally communicated that we are not capable of managing things on our own. As a result, we may come to believe that we are unable to cope effectively with everyday responsibilities without significant help from others.
When this schema is activated, it can show up as feelings of helplessness, anxiety, or self-doubt. You might notice thoughts like "I can't do this on my own" or "I'll get it wrong if I don't have help." In response to these thoughts, we might avoid taking on new challenges, seek excessive reassurance, rely heavily on others to make decisions, or underestimate our own abilities. Alternatively, we may overcompensate by becoming highly independent and refusing support, even when it would be helpful.
While these coping styles may have originally helped manage feelings of uncertainty or vulnerability, over time they can reinforce the belief that we are not capable and limit opportunities to build confidence and competence.
The healthy adult mode helps us to gradually recognise when this schema is being triggered and respond differently. This often begins with building awareness, understanding the schema, and noticing the situations that activate it. From there, we might practice making decisions independently, take small steps outside our comfort zone, and acknowledge evidence of our own capability. Learning to tolerate uncertainty and trust our skills can feel challenging at first, but with repeated experiences of success, we can strengthen our confidence and develop a greater sense of autonomy.
Interested in learning more? See our 7 minute schema episode on this topic: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r2aKLtJh_zE