22/07/2024
Zinc is an essential trace element and utilised by over 300 enzymatic reactions in the body. It is classed as a type II nutrient (cellular building blocks) and is required for the synthesis of any new tissue. Deficiency is often seen in conditions such as recurrent colds/illness, pneumonia, acne, eczema, diabetes, impaired fertility (especially male), ADHD, depression, and altered gastric function.
Forms
🔹️Zinc carnosine- superior absorption - breaks down slowly, allowing for prolonged exposure in the gut prior to absorption
🔹️Zinc bisglycinate- superior absorption; bound to amino acid, glycine, to allow for greater bioavailability
🔹️Zinc citrate- superior absorption- useful for fast repletion in cases of deficiency
🔹️Zinc picolinate- superior absorption, however, is easily excreted by the body
🔹️Zinc acetate- superior absorption; moderate bioavailability
🔹Zinc gluconate- absorbed in the mouth rather than intestines; best for use in lozenges
🔹️Zinc sulphate- poorly absorbed; useful as a drink to test for deficiency and for topical use
🔹️Zinc oxide- poorly absorbed in the gut; best for topical use
Dietary sources
Zinc is found in oysters, beef, lamb shank, oats, pumpkin seeds, cashews, cheese, lentils, chickpeas and sardines; however around 50% of the dietary intake from plant based sources isn’t absorbed due to the phytates (anti-nutrients found in plants) inhibiting absorption. Calcium also plays a role in zinc absorption, as it directly competes for the uptake into cells, preventing the absorption of zinc.
It’s not all bad though- animal proteins, the amino acids histidine and methionine, and citric acid boost the absorption.
The recommended daily intake (RDI) for men is 14mg/day and 8mg/day for women.
Functional reference ranges sit much higher at 45mg/day for adults and 60mg/day during pregnancy.
Supplementary doses of between 25-75mg/day are commonly seen, short term.
For more information on how zinc can support your immune system this winter, check out my new blog on supporting your immune system over winter- link in bio.
Leisha x