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Trigger finger is a condition where a finger or thumb catches or locks in a bent position, causing pain and stiffness. It results from the inflammation and swelling of the tendon sheath, often caused by repetitive hand use, and can be associated with conditions like diabetes or arthritis. Treatment ranges from non-surgical options like rest, splinting, and steroid injections to surgical intervention in severe cases.

Symptoms
Catching, popping, or snapping sensation when bending or straightening the finger
Stiffness, especially in the morning
Pain at the base of the finger or thumb in the palm
A tender lump or nodule on the palm side of the hand
The finger or thumb becomes locked in a bent position and may require your other hand to straighten it

Causes
Inflammation of the flexor tendon, which can be caused by a nodule forming in the tendon sheath
Repetitive hand use, gripping, or forceful movements
Underlying medical conditions such as diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, or gout
Pregnancy

Treatment
Non-surgical:
Rest: Avoid activities that worsen the symptoms.
Splinting: Wearing a splint to keep the finger straight, often at night.
Ice and heat: Applying ice and heat can help reduce swelling and pain.

Medication: Over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medication may help with mild cases.
Corticosteroid injection: A steroid shot into the tendon sheath can reduce swelling and may alleviate symptoms.

Surgical: If non-surgical treatments are ineffective, a procedure may be performed to release the tendon.
Prevention
Limit repetitive hand and gripping activities.
Take regular breaks during repetitive tasks.
Use ergonomic tools that reduce pressure on your hands.
Stretch and strengthen your hands and fingers.
Manage underlying conditions like diabetes and arthritis.