09/07/2023
HUMAN SKELETON 🩻🦴🥼
👉 The skeletal system includes all of the bones and joints in the body.
👉 Each bone is a complex living organ that is made up of many cells, protein fibers, and minerals.
👉 The skeleton acts as a scaffold by providing support and protection for the soft tissues that make up the rest of the body.
👉 The skeletal system also provides attachment points for muscles to allow movements at the joints.
👉 New blood cells are produced by the red bone marrow inside of our bones.
👉 Bones act as the body’s warehouse for calcium, iron, and energy in the form of fat. Finally, the skeleton grows throughout childhood and provides a framework for the rest of the body to grow along with it.
⭕ SKELETAL SYSTEM ANATOMY ⭕
👉 The skeletal system in an adult body is made up of 206 individual bones.
👉 These bones are arranged into two major divisions: the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton runs along the body’s midline axis and is made up of 80 bones in the following regions:
skull
vertebral column
ribs
sternum
⭕ SKULL ⭕
(CRANIUM)
👉It rest on the superior end of the vertebral column(back bone).
👉 The bones of the skull are grouped into two categories:
1. Cranial bones
2. Facial bone
⭕ CRANIAL BONES ⭕
👉 The total number of cranial bones is 8.
👉 The cranial bones from the cranial cavity which encloses and protect the brain.
1. Frontal (1)
2. Parietals (2)
3. Temporals (2)
4. Occipital (1)
5. Sphenoid(1)
6. Ethenoid(1)
👉 Certain skull bones also contain cavities called paranasal sinuses that are lined with mucus memebrane and open into the nasal cavity .
👉 Other small cavities with in skull house th3 structure involved in hearing and equilibrium.
⭕ FRONTAL BONE ⭕
👉 It forms the forehead, roofs of the orbits and most of the anterior part of the cranial floor, soon after birth the left and right sides of the frontal bone are united by metopic suture. Which usually disappear between the age of 6 and .
⭕ PARIETAL BONES ⭕
👉 The two parietal bones form the greater portion of the sides and roof of the cranial cavity.
👉 These are largest bones in cranial bones.
⭕ TEMPORAL BONES ⭕
👉 The paired temporal bones form the interior lateral aspects of the cranium and part of the cranial floor.
⭕ OCCIPITAL BONE ⭕
👉 It forms the posterior part and most of the base if the cranium.
👉 Foramen magnum is present in the inferior part of th3 bone.
👉 Medulla oblongata connects with th3 spinal cord within this foramen and the vertebral and spinal arteries also pass through it.
👉 The occipital condyles on either sides of the foramen magnum, articulates with depression on the first cervical vertebrae (atlas).
👉 These form the atlanto-occipital joint,which allow your to nod your head also called yes bone
⭕ SPHENOID BONE ⭕
👉 The Sphenoid bone lies at the middle part of the base of the skull.
👉 It articulates with all other cranial bone holding them together.
👉 The shape of the Sphenoid resembles butterfly with unstretched wings.
👉 The Sella turcica is a bone saddle shaped structure on the superior surface of the body of the sphenoid, the hypophyseal fussa which contain the pituitary gland.
⭕ ETHENOID BONE ⭕
👉 It forms part of the anterior portion of the cranial floor.
👉 The medial wall of the orbits.
👉 The superior portion of the nasal saptum
