06/05/2025
Physiotherapy for an ankle fracture focuses on restoring mobility, strength, and balance in the affected ankle. The treatment typically involves a progressive program of exercises, starting with gentle range of motion exercises as soon as possible after the fracture has healed, followed by strengthening and balance exercises.
Initial Phase (Early Recovery):
Range of Motion Exercises:
These are crucial for preventing stiffness and regaining movement in the ankle joint. Examples include:
Ankle pumps (bending and straightening the foot).
Ankle circles (rotating the ankle in both directions).
Toe and heel raises.
Stretching:
Gentle stretches, particularly for calf muscles, are important as these may become tight during immobilization.
Intermediate Phase (Strength and Balance):
Strengthening Exercises:
As the fracture heals and pain subsides, strengthening exercises for the ankle and surrounding muscles are introduced. Examples include:
Heel raises.
Toe raises.
Resisted exercises (e.g., using a resistance band).
Balance and Proprioception Exercises:
These exercises help improve balance and coordination, which is often compromised after an ankle fracture. Examples include:
Single-leg stands.
Balance board exercises.
Weight-bearing Exercises:
Gradually progressing to weight-bearing exercises as tolerated is essential for regaining full function.
Advanced Phase (Functional Activities):
Functional Training:
As the ankle recovers, exercises are tailored to simulate activities of daily living and sport-specific movements.
Gradual Return to Activity:
A gradual return to activity is crucial, with careful monitoring of pain and swelling.
Other Interventions:
Manual Therapy: Techniques like joint mobilization and massage can be used to improve joint mobility and reduce pain.
Pain Management: Heat or ice treatments can be used to manage pain and inflammation.
Patient Education: Providing education on ankle care, activity modifications, and appropriate footwear is essential.
Important Considerations:
Progressive Rehabilitation:
The physiotherapy program should be progressive, meaning that exercises should be gradually increased in intensity and duration as the ankle heals.
