09/02/2022
Posted • High sugar intake is linked to a greater risk of depression.
What’s the mechanism?
◾Rodents fed high-fat and high-sugar diets, but not high-fat diets alone, have lower BDNF levels, which is associated with the shrinking hippocampus seen in depression.
◾Sugar is addictive, tying in the addictive and depression effects of dopamine.
◾Eating a diet high in refined sugar increases inflammation, which may lower mood and lead to exaggerated insulin responses, harming mood.
◾In addition to an inflammatory response that can trigger depression, a high-sugar diet may cause obesity and resulting psychological problems, such as having to cope with weight discrimination.
👉In short, sugar harms your body, then your brain.
Just as depression is twice as common in women, it’s twice as common in people with diabetes, and blood sugar problems are worse in depressed people with diabetes. Depression and diabetes likely share the same mechanism of overactivation of the immune system, leading to a cytokine-driven inflammatory response, as well as overactivation of the HPA axis.
Other mutual mechanisms (meaning they are associated with both blood sugar problems and depression) are sleep disturbance, sedentary lifestyle, poor nutrition and eating habits, and other environmental and cultural risk factors.
These same mechanisms result in different downstream effects: insulin resistance, diabetes, heart disease, depression, and early mortality. The cytokines mentioned above are like bombs and gunfire that inflame the brain, causing depressive symptoms, poor stress coping, and blood sugar problems.
In my opinion, we need to consider these shared origins of blood sugar problems, stress overload, and depression to improve the outcomes of both disorders simultaneously and, ideally, prevent and reverse disease.
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