11/19/2025
C/o Pete Wurst
While mainstream medicine spent decades villainizing cholesterol, another silent threat has been creeping under the radar โ homocysteine, an amino acid produced during normal protein metabolism.
Unlike cholesterol, which plays essential roles in hormone production, brain function, and cellular repair, elevated homocysteine serves no beneficial purpose โ and instead acts as a biochemical smoke signal for underlying dysfunction.
But what exactly is homocysteine?
๐งช ๐๐ก๐๐ญ ๐๐ฌ ๐๐จ๐ฆ๐จ๐๐ฒ๐ฌ๐ญ๐๐ข๐ง๐?
Homocysteine is a sulfur-containing amino acid that your body makes as a byproduct of methionine metabolism โ methionine being an essential amino acid found in protein-rich foods (like meat, eggs, fish, and dairy).
In a healthy system, homocysteine doesnโt stay in the body for long โ itโs recycled through two primary pathways:
1. ๐ Remethylation โ converting homocysteine back into methionine (requires methylfolate + B12)
2. ๐ง Transsulfuration โ converting homocysteine into cysteine and eventually glutathione (requires B6)
These conversions are part of the broader methylation cycle โ one of the most critical biochemical systems in your body, responsible for:
โข DNA repair
โข Detoxification
โข Neurotransmitter synthesis (like dopamine, serotonin)
โข Immune regulation
โข Hormone processing
โข Cellular energy production
๐ ๏ธ If methylation is sluggish, nutrient-depleted, or genetically impaired, homocysteine builds up.
๐ฅ ๐๐ก๐ฒ ๐๐จ๐ฆ๐จ๐๐ฒ๐ฌ๐ญ๐๐ข๐ง๐ ๐๐๐ญ๐ญ๐๐ซ๐ฌ
When homocysteine levels rise above optimal range (generally above 7โ8 ยตmol/L, even though labs may say up to 15 is โnormalโ), the risk for serious chronic diseases rises with it. Elevated homocysteine has been shown to directly damage the endothelium (the delicate lining of blood vessels), promote oxidative stress, and trigger abnormal clot formation.
High homocysteine is linked to:
โข ๐ง Cognitive decline & dementia (especially Alzheimerโs and vascular dementia)
โข โค๏ธ Cardiovascular disease, stroke, blood clots, and atherosclerosis (even when cholesterol is normal)
โข ๐คฐ Pregnancy complications like miscarriage, preeclampsia, and neural tube defects
โข ๐ฉธ Poor methylation, leading to hormonal imbalance, detox issues, mood disorders, and fatigue
โข โก Oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial damage at the cellular level
This makes homocysteine not just a marker โ but a metabolic disruptor with widespread effects across body and brain.
๐งช ๐๐ก๐๐ญ ๐๐๐ฎ๐ฌ๐๐ฌ ๐๐จ๐ฆ๐จ๐๐ฒ๐ฌ๐ญ๐๐ข๐ง๐ ๐ญ๐จ ๐๐ข๐ฌ๐?
Homocysteine is normally recycled back into methionine or converted into cysteine โ but this process requires key nutrients and functional biochemistry.
If those pathways are impaired, homocysteine builds up like sludge in your system, setting the stage for damage.
๐ป Top reasons it rises:
โข MTHFR mutation โ impairs methylation and folate activation
โข Low B12 (especially methyl-B12) โ needed to recycle homocysteine back to methionine
โข Low folate (especially 5-MTHF) โ needed to convert homocysteine safely
โข Low B6 (P5P form) โ needed to convert homocysteine into cysteine
โข Choline or betaine (TMG) deficiency โ alternate pathway to detox homocysteine
โข Zinc or magnesium deficiency โ critical methylation cofactors
โข High animal protein, low vegetables โ poor methyl donor support
โข Chronic inflammation, stress, or oxidative stress โ deplete necessary nutrients
๐ง Even emotional trauma, mold exposure, poor sleep, or gut dysfunction can increase the demand for methylation โ overwhelming your bodyโs ability to process homocysteine.
๐ฅ ๐๐ฒ๐ฆ๐ฉ๐ญ๐จ๐ฆ๐ฌ ๐จ๐ ๐๐ฅ๐๐ฏ๐๐ญ๐๐ ๐๐จ๐ฆ๐จ๐๐ฒ๐ฌ๐ญ๐๐ข๐ง๐ (๐๐ฏ๐๐ง ๐๐ก๐๐ง ๐๐ฅ๐จ๐จ๐๐ฐ๐จ๐ซ๐ค ๐๐ฌ โ๐๐จ๐ซ๐ฆ๐๐ฅโ)
Most people with high homocysteine have no obvious symptoms, but these are common signs of its effects:
โข Brain fog, memory issues, or poor focus
โข Anxiety, depression, or irritability
โข Fatigue or burnout that doesnโt improve with rest
โข Headaches, especially behind the eyes or temples
โข Hormonal irregularities or miscarriage history
โข Cold hands/feet, circulation issues, or numbness
โข Slow detox, histamine issues, or sensitivity to smells/chemicals
โข Light sensitivity, ringing ears, or skin flushing
Even if labs say you're "within range," functional health looks for optimal, not just average. Most people feel their best when homocysteine is in the 6โ8 ยตmol/L range.
โ
๐๐๐ ๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐
Lowering homocysteine isnโt about popping a few random B vitamins. Itโs about restoring the terrain that processes and clears it โ repairing the nutrient pathways, detox systems, and cellular environment that allow methylation to work efficiently again.
Itโs a systems approach โ not a symptom patch.
๐น ๐. ๐๐๐๐ฎ๐ข๐ฅ๐ ๐๐๐ญ๐ก๐ฒ๐ฅ๐๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐๐๐ญ๐ก๐ฐ๐๐ฒ๐ฌ
These are the biochemical roads that regulate your detox, neurotransmitter balance, DNA repair, and hormone processing โ and they depend on a precise set of nutrients.
โ
Support the core methylation nutrients:
โข Methyl-B12 (or hydroxycobalamin if youโre sensitive to methyl groups - slow COMT); lithium is vital to get B12 into cells
โ Required to recycle homocysteine back into methionine
โ Supports brain, mood, and detox
โข 5-MTHF (or folinic acid if youโre sensitive to methyl groups - slow COMT) โ this is the active form of folate (not folic acid), and crucial for people with MTHFR mutations
โข P5P (active vitamin B6) โ helps push homocysteine down the transsulfuration pathway into glutathione
โข Riboflavin (B2) โ essential for converting dietary folate into active 5-MTHF; often overlooked but vital
โข Magnesium + zinc โ these are cofactor minerals needed to activate methylation enzymes
โข Boron + selenium โ support antioxidant defenses and fine-tune mineral balance that keeps methylation stable
โจ Together, these nutrients act like spark plugs for your methylation engine โ when one is missing, the whole system stalls.
๐น ๐. ๐๐ฎ๐ฉ๐ฉ๐จ๐ซ๐ญ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐ฅ๐ญ๐๐ซ๐ง๐๐ญ๐ ๐๐๐ญ๐จ๐ฑ ๐๐๐ญ๐ก๐ฐ๐๐ฒ
If your main methylation cycle is overwhelmed, your body needs backup options to process homocysteine. This second route helps offload the excess and reduce the burden.
โ
Support these alternate methylation routes:
โข Betaine (TMG) โ donates methyl groups independently of MTHFR, helping lower homocysteine even when the primary cycle is slow
โข Choline โ found in egg yolks, liver, and sunflower lecithin; supports fat metabolism, bile production, and brain function
โข Creatine โ reduces the body's need to use methyl groups for muscle function, freeing up those methyl groups for homocysteine clearance
โข Glycine + taurine โ calming amino acids that support bile flow, neurotransmitter regulation, and phase 2 liver detoxification
๐ก These nutrients reduce homocysteine pressure by creating alternate exits when the main road is blocked.
๐น ๐. ๐๐จ๐ฐ๐๐ซ ๐๐ฑ๐ข๐๐๐ญ๐ข๐ฏ๐ ๐๐ญ๐ซ๐๐ฌ๐ฌ
Homocysteine increases the production of free radicals and oxidative damage โ which can injure blood vessels, mitochondria, and brain cells.
โ
Antioxidant support is essential:
โข Glutathione โ your master antioxidant, often depleted in high homocysteine states
โข NAC (N-acetylcysteine) โ a precursor to glutathione that also thins mucus and reduces inflammation
โข Vitamin C + E โ protect vessel linings from homocysteine-induced oxidative stress
โข Selenium-rich foods โ Brazil nuts, eggs, mushrooms; selenium helps convert oxidized glutathione back to its active form
โข Antioxidant-rich foods โ berries, leafy greens, beets, turmeric, purple cabbage, etc.
๐ฟ Also consider milk thistle (liver repair), alpha-lipoic acid (blood sugar and antioxidant recycling), and CoQ10 (mitochondrial protection)
๐ก This reduces the cellular โfire damageโ caused by excess homocysteine, while creating an environment that allows nutrients to work.
๐น ๐. ๐๐๐๐ฅ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐ฎ๐ญ & ๐๐ฎ๐ฉ๐ฉ๐จ๐ซ๐ญ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐ข๐ฏ๐๐ซ
Even if you take all the right nutrients, methylation wonโt work if your gut is inflamed or your liver is clogged.
โ
Focus on foundational drainage and terrain support:
โข Digestive bitters (gentian, dandelion, artichoke) โ stimulate bile and liver detox
โข Castor oil packs โ reduce liver stagnation and inflammation
โข Coffee enemas or gentle cleansing โ help open bile ducts and lower toxic burden
โข Sweating regularly (via sauna, exercise, or detox baths) โ supports skin and lymphatic drainage
โข Treat infections โ if present (parasites, mold, candida, or SIBO), these drive inflammation and steal nutrients
โข High-fiber foods โ like flax, chia, leafy greens โ bind old bile and help eliminate toxins through the colon
๐ฟ Think of this as clearing out the pipes so your detox systems can function again โ without proper flow, even perfect methylation wonโt save you.
๐น ๐. ๐๐๐ฌ๐ญ & ๐๐ซ๐๐๐ค
You canโt fix what you donโt measure โ and homocysteine isnโt something you โguessโ about. It's silent until itโs not.
โ
Run and monitor key labs:
โข Homocysteine blood test โ aim for 6โ8 ยตmol/L (optimal range, not just โwithin normalโ)
โข MMA (methylmalonic acid) โ a more accurate indicator of B12 status
โข Serum B12 and folate โ get a baseline but remember: serum values donโt always reflect whatโs happening inside the cells
โข Other methylation markers โ SAMe, SAH, or urinary organic acids if available
โข Genetic testing โ MTHFR, COMT, CBS, and related SNPs (help personalize your plan)
โข Symptom tracking โ energy, memory, detox tolerance, skin issues, mood, hormonal shifts, circulation, sleep
๐ This lets you adapt over time, spot patterns, and avoid overmethylation or under-support. .
โ ๏ธ ๐๐จ๐ง'๐ญ ๐๐ ๐ง๐จ๐ซ๐ ๐๐จ๐ฆ๐จ๐๐ฒ๐ฌ๐ญ๐๐ข๐ง๐ ๐๐๐๐๐ฎ๐ฌ๐ ๐๐จ๐ฎ๐ซ ๐๐ก๐จ๐ฅ๐๐ฌ๐ญ๐๐ซ๐จ๐ฅ ๐๐ฌ "๐
๐ข๐ง๐"
In fact, many people with "perfect" cholesterol still have strokes, heart attacks, or neurodegenerative disease. Why? Because cholesterol is not the enemy โ but homocysteine often is. It damages the endothelial lining, promotes arterial stiffness, triggers microclots, and interferes with blood flow โ silently
In this way, homocysteine is truly the cholesterol of this generation โ misunderstood, minimized, and missing from most health evaluations. But the science is clear: lowering homocysteine (the right way) reduces disease risk, improves oxygen delivery, and protects your brain and heart as you age.
๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐
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