05/13/2026
Did you know HCV transmission does not occur randomly. It follows predictable patterns based on the infrastructure of prevention tools, healthcare access or lack thereof, and social supports.â
In Canada, approximately 85% of new HCV infections occur through sharing or reuse of drug-use equipment.
This statistic is often used to describe who is at risk, but it is more useful for understanding where prevention systems are failing people.
Research increasingly shows that HCV risk is shaped not only by individual behaviours but by broader economic, social, and policy environments that influence access to safer drug use equipment, healthcare, and stable living conditions.
Reinfection is part of this same picture. When HCV continues to circulate within a community environment, people can be exposed again even after successful treatment.
Action Hepatitis Canada's 2026 progress report is available today!
Find the report here: https://www.actionhepatitiscanada.ca/rethinkingprevention.html
In Canada, hepatitis C continues to disproportionately affect people who use drugs, particularly those navigating unstable housing, criminalization, and other systemic barriers to care. These patterns are not solely indicative of individual behaviour; they are a direct reflection of environments that either offer or deny access to prevention, treatment, support, and care.
When the focus stays on populations rather than environments, the conditions that shape HCV transmission risk can remain invisible.
Closing the elimination gap will require strengthening prevention, testing, treatment, and care in the environments where transmission is occurring, not just identifying the populations most affected.