10/16/2024
Understanding Shockwave Therapy (ESWT): A Guide to Benefits, Mechanism, and Applications
Shockwave therapy, formally known as Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy (ESWT), has gained significant attention in recent years as an effective, non-invasive treatment for a variety of musculoskeletal conditions. It is commonly used to treat chronic pain, sports injuries, and issues related to tendons, ligaments, and bones. ESWT has become a valuable tool in physiotherapy practices, offering relief to patients who have not responded well to conventional treatments.
This article will explore the benefits, mechanism, and applications of shockwave therapy and explain why it is increasingly used in modern physiotherapy.
What is Shockwave Therapy?
Shockwave therapy involves the use of high-energy acoustic waves, which are applied externally to the body through a handheld device. These waves pe*****te the tissues, promoting healing and reducing pain by stimulating biological processes such as cellular repair, collagen production, and the regeneration of tissue. ESWT is often referred to as “regenerative therapy” because it encourages the body’s natural healing response.
The treatment can be classified into two main types:
Radial Shockwave Therapy (RSWT) – The shockwaves spread radially from the point of application, providing a more superficial treatment.
Focused Shockwave Therapy (FSWT) – The shockwaves are concentrated and pe*****te deeper into tissues, making it suitable for more localized and chronic conditions.
How Does Shockwave Therapy Work?
Shockwave therapy works through mechanical stimulation that triggers several biological responses:
Increased Blood Flow: The pressure waves created during the treatment increase circulation to the affected area. Enhanced blood flow delivers essential nutrients and oxygen to the injured tissues, accelerating the healing process.
Reduction of Inflammation: Shockwave therapy helps break down calcified fibroblasts and other deposits, which are associated with chronic inflammation and tendon issues.
Pain Reduction: The therapy promotes the release of endorphins and disrupts pain receptor pathways, providing immediate and long-term pain relief.
Collagen Stimulation: Shockwave therapy encourages the production of collagen, a key protein in the healing and repair of connective tissues, such as tendons and ligaments.
Conditions Treated by Shockwave Therapy
Shockwave therapy is a versatile treatment that can be applied to a wide range of musculoskeletal conditions. Some of the most common conditions treated include:
Plantar Fasciitis: Shockwave therapy has been found to be highly effective in treating plantar fasciitis, a common cause of heel pain. It helps break down scar tissue and promotes healing of the plantar fascia ligament.
Tennis Elbow (Lateral Epicondylitis): Chronic pain in the elbow caused by overuse or inflammation of the tendons can benefit from ESWT, which stimulates tendon healing and reduces pain.
Achilles Tendinopathy: Tendon injuries such as Achilles tendinopathy, which is common among athletes, respond well to shockwave therapy. The treatment accelerates the healing process by enhancing blood circulation and collagen production.
Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy: Shoulder injuries, particularly those involving the rotator cuff, can be treated with focused shockwave therapy. This treatment helps reduce pain and inflammation in the affected tendons.
Calcific Tendonitis: ESWT can help break down calcium deposits in tendons, which are often a source of chronic pain and inflammation.
Patellar Tendinopathy (Jumper's Knee): Athletes suffering from chronic knee pain due to overuse can benefit from shockwave therapy as it promotes tendon repair and reduces pain.
Benefits of Shockwave Therapy
There are several key advantages to shockwave therapy, which make it an attractive option for physiotherapy patients:
Non-Invasive: Unlike surgical interventions, ESWT is a non-invasive treatment that does not require incisions or anesthesia.
Minimal Side Effects: Most patients experience little to no side effects. Some may feel slight discomfort during the treatment, but this usually subsides quickly.
Quick Recovery: Patients can often resume normal activities immediately after treatment, with no need for prolonged recovery periods.
Effective for Chronic Conditions: Shockwave therapy has proven highly effective for treating chronic conditions that have not responded to other forms of therapy, such as physical therapy or medication.
Stimulates Natural Healing: By promoting the body's natural healing mechanisms, ESWT reduces the reliance on medications and more invasive procedures, allowing the body to repair itself.
What to Expect During Shockwave Therapy
A typical shockwave therapy session lasts between 10 to 30 minutes, depending on the condition being treated. The therapist will apply a gel to the affected area and use the shockwave device to deliver pulses of acoustic energy. Most patients report feeling a mild tapping or pulsating sensation, which can vary in intensity based on the severity of the condition.
While some patients experience immediate relief, most notice a gradual improvement in pain and mobility over the course of several sessions. Multiple treatments (typically 3 to 6) may be necessary for optimal results.
Is Shockwave Therapy Right for You?
Shockwave therapy is suitable for individuals dealing with chronic pain or injuries that have not responded to traditional treatments. However, it may not be appropriate for everyone. Patients with certain conditions, such as blood clotting disorders, nerve disorders, or infections, should consult their healthcare provider before undergoing ESWT.
Conclusion
Shockwave therapy offers a non-invasive, safe, and effective solution for treating a wide range of musculoskeletal conditions. Its ability to promote natural healing and reduce chronic pain has made it an increasingly popular option for patients seeking relief without resorting to surgery or medication. At Shelbourne Physiotherapy, our skilled therapists are trained in the latest shockwave therapy techniques, providing personalized care that targets your unique condition and needs.
If you’re interested in learning more about shockwave therapy or wondering if it’s the right treatment for you, contact us to book a consultation at 250-598-9828.
References:
Wang, C. J. (2012). Extracorporeal shockwave therapy in musculoskeletal disorders. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, 7(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/1749-799X-7-11
Speed, C. (2014). A systematic review of shockwave therapies in soft tissue conditions: Focusing on the evidence. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 48(21), 1538-1542. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2012-091861
Gerdesmeyer, L., Maier, M., Haake, M., & Schmitz, C. (2002). Physical-technical principles of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT). Orthopedic Clinics of North America, 34(3), 303-315. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0030-5898(02)00003-5
