11/12/2025
🧬 Mental illness has just been linked to a single gene
In a major breakthrough, scientists have identified the first single gene that can directly cause psychiatric illness—without the influence of other genetic or environmental factors.
The gene, GRIN2A, plays a key role in regulating NMDA receptors in the brain, which are vital for communication between neurons.
Variants of this gene have now been linked to early-onset schizophrenia and other mental health conditions, even in patients who showed no other neurological symptoms like seizures or intellectual disabilities. That finding challenges the long-held belief that mental illness arises only from complex genetic interactions.
Even more promising, researchers discovered that some individuals with GRIN2A mutations responded to L-serine, a common dietary supplement known to boost NMDA receptor activity. This suggests that for certain patients, psychiatric symptoms may be treated by targeting the precise biological mechanism behind them. The study, based on the largest international registry of GRIN2A patients, marks a shift toward personalized medicine in mental health—offering hope that one day, treatments could address root genetic causes rather than just managing symptoms.
Source: Helbig, K. L., et al. (2025). GRIN2A null variants confer a high risk for early-onset schizophrenia and other mental disorders and potentially enable precision therapy. Molecular Psychiatry.