06/05/2026
⚡ Europe's AI boom is accelerating fast — and the environmental costs are becoming harder to ignore.
A new EEA briefing, Artificial intelligence and sustainable consumption in Europe, maps the growing pressure that AI infrastructure is placing on the continent's resources.
Data centres are at the centre of this story. Driven largely by AI, electricity demand from the sector is projected to nearly double by 2030. Europe already accounts for 15% of global data centre electricity consumption — and the concentration of facilities around major urban hubs is placing increasing strain on local grids.
But the footprint extends beyond energy:
🌊 Water: AI data centres could increase annual water use for cooling and electricity generation to around 1,068 billion litres by 2028 — an elevenfold increase on 2024 estimates.
⛏️ Minerals: AI infrastructure depends on a narrow set of critical raw materials — including gallium, germanium and tantalum — with extraction carrying significant environmental and social costs.
The briefing points to a governance gap: current EU rules focus mainly on AI training, leaving inference-related energy use — now 80–90% of AI computing — only partially regulated.
Read about the briefings 👉https://www.eea.europa.eu/en/newsroom/news/europe-must-steer-ai-and-digitalisation-to-support-its-green-transition