12/04/2025
Spinal deformities are structural abnormalities of the spine that can affect posture, mobility, and overall function. These deformities may be congenital, developmental, or acquired due to conditions like poor posture, neuromuscular disorders, osteoporosis, or trauma. The three most common types of spinal deformities are:
Types of Spinal Deformities
✅ Scoliosis – A lateral (side-to-side) curvature of the spine, often in an "S" or "C" shape. Common in adolescents and may lead to postural imbalances.
✅ Kyphosis – An excessive forward curvature of the upper spine (hunchback appearance). Often seen in osteoporotic elderly individuals or due to poor posture.
✅ Lordosis – An exaggerated inward curve of the lower back, often linked to weak core muscles, obesity, or postural habits.
Physiotherapy Management of Spinal Deformities
The goal of physiotherapy is to improve posture, strengthen muscles, and prevent further progression of deformities.
1. Postural Correction & Education
✅ Ergonomic adjustments for sitting, standing, and daily activities.
✅ Core strengthening exercises to maintain spinal stability.
2. Strengthening & Stretching Exercises
✅ Scoliosis: Stretching tight muscles on one side and strengthening weak muscles on the other.
✅ Kyphosis: Strengthening upper back muscles and stretching chest muscles.
✅ Lordosis: Strengthening abdominal & gluteal muscles while stretching hip flexors & lower back muscles.
3. Manual Therapy & Joint Mobilization
✅ Soft tissue release & spinal mobilization to relieve stiffness and improve flexibility.
✅ Myofascial release techniques to reduce muscle tightness.
4. Bracing & Supportive Devices
✅ Bracing in moderate-to-severe scoliosis cases to prevent progression.
✅ Postural taping for awareness and correction.
5. Functional Training & Balance Exercises
✅ Proprioception exercises for spinal control.
✅ Pilates & Yoga for flexibility and core stability.