Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology - Cairo University

03/11/2025

Attention students 📢📢

This month’s theme focuses on a category you already explored last month. 🌟

We’ll be highlighting "reactive and benign lesions", providing more examples directly related to what you’ve studied in our course 🤩.

Let’s begin by revisiting "Reactive lesions" that were previously covered on our page — check out the following links and deepen your understanding! 📚✨

𝟏- 𝐑𝐞𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐞 𝐨𝐫𝐚𝐥 𝐬𝐰𝐞𝐥𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐠𝐬 (𝐕𝐢𝐝𝐞𝐨)

https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=926626332930043

𝟐- 𝐄𝐩𝐮𝐥𝐢𝐬 𝐆𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐮𝐥𝐨𝐦𝐚𝐭𝐨𝐬𝐚

https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=pfbid0YiYDbXPqZLnSybpMqNsguoBinMayzNBJmxRkgpKYkp3wd6zRte3V3yLxLm1qaTrTl&id=100069108979682

𝟑- 𝐕𝐞𝐫𝐫𝐮𝐜𝐚 𝐕𝐮𝐥𝐠𝐚𝐫𝐢𝐬

https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=pfbid02zMyoMsdCMk4kYnMQgGpV6MLypuS2cEbz44jbiAg61Dj5DvjRYusT3FQWXj9NrQpHl&id=100069108979682

𝟒- 𝐏𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐩𝐡𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐥 𝐠𝐢𝐚𝐧𝐭 𝐜𝐞𝐥𝐥 𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐮𝐥𝐨𝐦𝐚

https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=pfbid0hdRwqzCFNMfmY3pUJyH8xCaJBZYZcLkrv4iX3K59ZKG4neRb9DymgEfkYtgUiLeWl&id=100069108979682

𝟓- 𝐃𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐟𝐢𝐬𝐬𝐮𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐦

https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=1011666157107336

𝟔- 𝐓𝐫𝐚𝐮𝐦𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐜 𝐍𝐞𝐮𝐫𝐨𝐦𝐚

https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=pfbid0wW6EMF5hbfL2rRs45djGEjnPgq7PrYD3M8xPxo2rqBBRwr3xQM9YuMESGUaojC3il&id=100069108979682

𝟕- 𝐕𝐞𝐫𝐫𝐮𝐜𝐚 𝐕𝐮𝐥𝐠𝐚𝐫𝐢𝐬 𝐯𝐬 𝐒𝐂𝐏 (𝐯𝐢𝐝𝐞𝐨)

https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=pfbid0F2WZahJKNBu7LfPBXo98hNm185ToifAADcf3wmWxEAYTdfJXzeEBbBbP6Tux51bdl&id=100069108979682

𝟖- 𝐕𝐞𝐫𝐫𝐮𝐜𝐢𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐦 𝐗𝐚𝐧𝐭𝐡𝐨𝐦𝐚

https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=pfbid0iTbM6bfxd5RnBzn1UiBFA9WiNGJiMbi3JR6M9kttQdVajYLCRjE7LuHihMzXJP6vl&id=100069108979682

31/10/2025

This month, our Oral Pathology Laboratory placed a special focus on odontogenic tumor cases. These lesions continue to emphasize the importance of meticulous histopathological evaluation in achieving accurate diagnoses and guiding effective patient management.

We are also proud to share that several of our recent cases and collaborative studies have been published, reflecting our ongoing commitment to advancing research and knowledge in oral and maxillofacial pathology.

A big thank-you to our dedicated lab members, referring clinicians, and students who continue to support our mission of improving patient care through precise histopathological diagnosis. 💙

You can take a look at the odontogenic tumor cases presented this month through the links below.

https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=pfbid0AQ4qRPdKA4GHQyYLB6aN6qwUVKLHNTovUEvtKpc4h4X3ACSBW2LDnD3ENk33TrYEl&id=100069108979682

https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=pfbid02hSqB1xYycKtP3pLoefSgH6rB48AufJbD1BbtthjwS5W9Po26M88hPSLbDsxRM6GAl&id=100069108979682

https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=pfbid02M7gzJzKRqtxMyr49zWaZJq4gfzogMdZ1z7szhq6zV4RDvtAAtsbda3DuBns3Pv7ql&id=100069108979682

https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=pfbid05YQzbwoejPp8E6MHYBHBoygvhCEYQA4vjCQi8cqynUjjY8mnPG6NWEgk6JCzTXWDl&id=100069108979682

https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=pfbid02KEv938buBpPF7RU7daNtyysMq32mavGHNF5Bjbbca8t4PhkXWAqFxpphgL4TRBuQl&id=100069108979682

https://rdcu.be/eMI7E

Stay tuned for more updates as we continue exploring the fascinating world of oral and maxillofacial pathology!

30/10/2025

The "Half-Baked Tooth" Tumor 🦷🧁
When a tumor makes dentin but not enamel we can see the Ameloblastic Fibro-Dentinoma (AFD)!

This case represent an Ameloblastic Fibro-Dentinoma in anterior maxilla of 12-year-old male.
The histopathological examination revealed compressed islands of proliferating odontogenic epithelium within a cellular, primitive ectomesenchymal stroma resembling dental papilla showing areas of homogenous dentinoid.

AFD is rare benign mixed odontogenic tumor. It produces dentin but NO enamel.
It's a developmental screenshot of a forming tooth that got stuck after making dentin😬.
it's almost found in infants and young children, often in the anterior jaw.

🇪🇬 The Egyptian Context:
How common is it here? It's one of the rarest entries in the odontogenic tumor family.
Like elsewhere, any reported case would almost certainly be in a young Egyptian child.

✍Why Should You Care?
1. Radiographic Riddle: On an X-ray, it looks like a radiolucent area with small, opaque flecks but less calcified than a Fibro-Odontoma.
2. Controversial Identity: Is it a distinct tumor, or just an immature stage of a Fibro-Odontoma? This debate makes it a fascinating topic for pathology nerds!
3. Simple Solution: The treatment is conservative surgical removal. It has an excellent prognosis and doesn't come back.

🔍 DON’T MISS THE CHANCE TO CHECK OUT ANOTHER CASE REPORT ON AMELOBLASTIC FIBRODENTINOMA, RECENTLY PUBLISHED BY OUR LAB!
📄 READ IT HERE: 👇
https://rdcu.be/eK1No

https://jenci.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s43046-023-00193-0

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28/10/2025

A rare, benign odontogenic tumor that every dental pathologist and student should recognize!

21/10/2025

Odontogenic Myxoma: The "Silent Invader" of the Jaw 🦷

Meet this case of maxillary Odontogenic Myxoma in 15-year-old female patient from our lab!!
The histopathological examination revealed scattered stellate, polygonal, and fusiform cells—set within an abundant, loose, pale-staining, myxoid stroma.

Odontogenic Myxoma is rare, benign tumor from tooth-forming tissue. It's non-cancerous but locally aggressive.
It grows quietly, often with no pain, until it causes swelling or facial asymmetry.

The Egyptian story: 🇪🇬
In Egypt, it's the third most common benign odontogenic tumor.
It accounts for roughly 3-7% of all odontogenic tumors diagnosed in Egyptian studies.
It loves to show up in young adult, has a slight preference for the mandible, possibly for females and has high recurrence rates.

A biopsy is key for a correct diagnosis.
Don't ignore it!
This "silent invader" is a classic case where early detection makes all the difference.

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19/10/2025

The Gelatinous Jaw Tumor Explained! 🧠🦷 A Silent, Infiltrative Jaw Lesion" Stay tuned

15/10/2025

🔬You guessed it right! Here’s how the diagnosis looks up close🔬

Following our previous quiz post — and with the histopathology image now revealed — the diagnosis is confirmed: Yes, you were right — Complex Odontoma! 🦷

Microscopic examination revealed a disorganized mass of dental hard tissues — enamel, dentin, and cementum — embedded within a fibrous connective tissue stroma, confirming the complex nature of the lesion.

Though benign, odontomas can impede tooth eruption or cause jaw expansion if left untreated. Complete surgical removal is curative, and prognosis is excellent.

✨ Every slide continues the radiographic story — where structure, function, and beauty meet under the microscope

12/10/2025

🦷 Can You Guess the Diagnosis?

A 24-year-old male presented with a painless swelling in the left posterior mandible.

See image below — sagittal cuts

🤔 What could it be?
Drop your thoughts below ⬇️

08/10/2025

When the jaw tells its story in microscopic details🔬Acanthomatous Ameloblastoma🔬--Tiny details 💜 Big diagnosis🔎--


The last week, our lab examined a jaw specimen from a 42-year-old male presenting with a slowly enlarging mandibular swelling. Histopathology revealed a classic acanthomatous ameloblastoma — one of the most recognizable odontogenic tumors.

Under the microscope, we observed epithelial islands bordered by palisaded columnar cells showing reverse nuclear polarity. The central areas showed stellate-reticulum-like cells with squamous (acanthomatous) metaplasia, forming keratin — a hallmark of this variant. The surrounding fibrovascular stroma completed the characteristic picture.

Though benign, ameloblastoma is locally aggressive, demanding complete surgical excision to prevent recurrence. Each case like this reminds us how subtle histological details can guide crucial clinical decisions.

05/10/2025

🧐Odontogenic tumors are a large and important category of lesions that originate from the tooth-forming tissues of the jaws. Most are benign, but they can slowly expand inside the jaw, causing swelling or tooth displacement — that’s why early diagnosis with imaging and biopsy makes all the difference.

🌍 Worldwide, the Odontogenic tumors are rare, making up about 1–9% of jaw and oral pathology cases.
Nearly 98% are benign, with malignant types accounting for under 4%. They occur mostly between the 2nd and 5th decades, show a slight female predominance, and mainly affect the lower jaw. Among them, odontoma and ameloblastoma are the most frequently reported types globally

🇪🇬The Egyptian Perspective
A breakthrough contribution from Egyptian pathologists shed the light on odontogenic tumors in our population.
A retrospective national study revealed that:
🦷 Ameloblastoma was identified as the most common odontogenic tumor in Egypt.
🦷 Over 97% of cases were benign.
🦷 The mandible, especially its posterior region, was the most commonly affected site.

You can explore the full-text paper here
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9054167/

✨👏A big appreciation to Egypt’s oral pathologists for advancing our understanding of jaw lesions and improving patient care nationwide!

😊Stay tuned this month as we explore more odontogenic tumor cases, sharing real-world examples from our Pathology Lab!

Odontogenic tumors (OTs) are considered important among oral lesions because of their clinicopathological heterogeneity and variable biological behavior. The purpose of this retrospective cross-sectional study was to evaluate the frequency and ...

25/09/2025

Thanks to everyone who engaged in this case.

After reviewing the histopathological features and radiologic findings, we can now reveal the diagnosis: Adenoid Ameloblastoma.

Histopathological examination revealed an odontogenic epithelial tumor with an ameloblastic component (in the form of duct-like structures and cribriform architecture) and extensive areas of ghost cells.

Differential Diagnosis:

There are overlapping histomorphologic features with adenomatoid odontogenic tumor and dentinogenic ghost cell tumor, but Adenoid Ameloblastoma is distinguished by the combination of cribriform architecture and duct-like structures.

In 2022, with the update of the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Head and Neck Tumors, a new entity was recognized, the so-called Adenoid Ameloblastoma (AA).

AA is a locally infiltrative epithelial odontogenic neoplasm with a recurrence rate of up to 70%

18/09/2025

Thank you for your great engagement in our previous post!
Here we reveal the histopathological images of the same case.
Based on microscopic features, what would be your final diagnosis?