David Dolz

31/07/2023

17/04/2023

Molecular mechanisms of exercise 🏋‍♂ 🏃‍♂ contributing to tissue regeneration

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41392-022-01233-2

👉 Physical activity mainly refers to any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles and results in energy expenditure, broadly encompassing exercise and sports, which have been done as part of daily living, occupation, leisure, and active transportation. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3920711/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21694556/

👩‍🦳 👨‍🦳 Substantial evidence has shown that physical inactivity mostly has a negative impact on non-communicable diseases such as coronary heart disease, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30817262/ diabetes mellitus, , https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34102662/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32600339/ cancer, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29589226/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22818936/ and even mental health, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30993594/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31586447/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30836957/ dramatically aggravating the global health burden and shorteninghttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30836957/, promotion of physical activity is one of the important methods to improve the quality of human lifespan.

🏋‍♀ 🚴‍♂ Over the past centuries, exercise training has been regarded as an effective approach to enhance tissue function under normal physiological condition and restore function under diverse pathological conditions, including cardiovascular diseases, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30115967/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32490852/ chronic metabolic syndromes, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32680830/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34127858/ neurological and psychiatric disorders, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34880498/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30433863/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30583029/ and cancer, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30121789/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31578201/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31164094/ which are mainly treated by chemical drugs.

📣 Importantly, it has been suggested in recent decades that exercise is also able to contribute to promoting the restoration of damaged tissues, which provides a novel theoretical basis for tissue regeneration:

1⃣ a Exercise induces physiological hypertrophy of left ventricle and reduction of myocardial infarction area by promoting the proliferation of cardiomyocytes. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29695718/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4555214/

2⃣ b Exercise induces muscle hypertrophy by promoting the proliferation of the satellite cells in both physiological and pathological conditions. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34480776/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34372625/

Angiogenesis and mitochondrial biosynthesis are helpful in delaying muscle fatigue. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17901124/

3⃣ c Exercise enhances hippocampal neurogenesis, myelin regeneration, axon regeneration, and cerebral angiogenesis to improve the motor, sensory, and cognitive functions. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30911133/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29625071/
Exercise can also improve the sensory and motor functions after spinal cord injury and promote survival and differentiation of transplanted stem cells. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25866284/

4⃣ d Exercise increases the branches of nerve fibers in the proximal skin, and promotes axon cross-sectional area (CSA), myelin sheath thickness, Schwann cell’s nucleus area and neurogenesis, so as to relieve the pain, improving sensation and motor function of patients with peripheral neuropathies (diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), carpal tunnel syndrome) . https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19921145/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19921145/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28963591/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30888982/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27842937/

5⃣ e Exercise can change the bone marrow microenvironment, promote the proliferation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and the production of leukocytes. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26744505/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30640286/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31700184/

6⃣ f Exercise regulates skeletal stem cell to differentiate into osteoblasts and chondrocytes, as well as bone angiogenesis, increasing bone mineral density (BMD). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21858507/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31139653/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20695079/
Besides, exercise induces the regeneration of post-traumatic cartilage lesions. Exercise is also considered as an effective adjuvant to stem cell-based therapy and the application of biomaterials or devices for cartilage regeneration. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33322825/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35020409/

7⃣ g Exercise promotes the regeneration ability of fatty liver, improving its tolerance to ischemia. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30138163/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33742528/
Besides, exercise can restore liver function by promoting hepatocyte proliferation and mitochondrial biosynthesis in patients with partial hepatectomy. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41392-022-01233-2

20/03/2023

30/11/2022

Desde el Colegio Fisioterapeutas de La Rioja dan a conocer el documental 'El dolor se aprende', con motivo del Día Internacional de las Personas con .

Una historia de trabajo colaborativo de difusión de conocimiento 💬, de transmisión de información liberadora a partir de la ciencia optimista que puede llevar a un cambio de creencias, nuevas expectativas, esperanza y transformación de su vida para muchas personas que llevan tiempo sometidas al dolor recurrente.

▶️ Fecha: 1 de diciembre 2022.
▶️ Gratuito.
▶️ Inscripción a través de la Fundación Ibercaja: https://bit.ly/3AnzdWw

24/10/2022

24/10/2022

Lubrication 💧 Mechanisms of the Knee 🦵 during Walking 🚶‍♀

🦵 The knee acts as a bearing that transmits forces and movements between the limb segments. Load-bearing synovial joints move with remarkably little friction and their surfaces must withstand many millions of impact loads, which tend to cause fatigue failure and breakdown of the surfaces. The load on the knee in a walking cycle of 1 Hz may go up to three times of the body weight (BW) at heel strike and toe off, while in a vertical drop of 1 meter, the knee may experience up to 25 times BW. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3490/

🚶‍♀ During walking, every step involves phases of action that vary the loading and velocity conditions at the knee joint. A variety of lubrication mechanisms normally prevent joint surface damage. Thus, in the swing phase, when the foot is off the ground, the joint surfaces are loaded lightly, and have high relative velocity while the knee flexes and extends. This allows the synovial fluid to separate the surfaces, giving fluid film lubrication with HYDRODYNAMIC LUBRICATION (two non-parallel opposing surfaces - femoral condyle and tibial plateau - are lubricated by a fluid film that moves tangentially with respect to each other with very low friction and no wear, s. figure https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4939-7587-7_1 ). https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Fundamentals%20of%20fluid%20film%20lubrication&publication_year=1994&author=Hamrock%2CB, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19214691/

🚶‍♀ At the time of heel contact, a large impact load acts to compress the surfaces together. At a microscopic level, the surfaces do not come into contact because of the SQUEEZE FILM LUBRICATION: in essence, the impact occurs so rapidly (less than 0.1 sec) that the synovial fluid cannot all be squeezed out of the joint space because of its viscosity and the narrowness of the space. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/002192909290024U, https://www.elsevier.com/books/gray%27s-anatomy/978-0-7020-7705-0

🚶‍♀ In the mid-stance phase, the flexion–extension motion again entrains the synovial fluid in between the joint surfaces, producing what is known as a ELECTROHYDRODYNAMIC EFFECT: the fluid is trapped between the surfaces by the motion with elastic deformation of the bearing articular cartilage surface and therefore it acts to separate them. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26614800/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12968566/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3709914/

🚶‍♀ Finally, when the foot is pushing off the body weight, there is little motion and the thin fluid film diminishes under the compressive load. If the squeeze-film effect were insufficient, then the joint surfaces would come into direct contact were it not for the fact that the synovial fluid contains large protein molecules that are trapped on the cartilage surfaces when the fluid is expelled. This molecular layer acts as a boundary lubricant (BOUNDARY AND CONTACT LUBRICATION MECHANISM), protecting the cartilage in the same way that grease protects a synthetic bearing. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24081750/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6476922/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20590280/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24566098/

Note, there is a decreasing lubrication film thickness from hydrodynamic lubrication to electrohydrodynamic lubrication to boundary lubrication.

11/01/2021

No es cierto que los fisioterapeutas sólo den masajes ni que sus tratamientos sólo funcionen si duelen. Tampoco es verdad…

11/12/2020

Dieses Jahr ist das schönste Geschenk von allen, dass es uns gut geht und wir gesund sind. Deshalb ist Ihre Gesundheit auch unsere persönliche Herzensangeleg...

09/12/2020

-Horga et al. 2020

Conclusion: "Nearly all knees of asymptomatic adults showed abnormalities in at least one knee structure on MRI. Meniscal tears, cartilage and bone marrow lesions of the patellofemoral joint were the most common pathological findings. Bucket handle and complex meniscal tears were reported for the first time in asymptomatic knees."

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Ref: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00256-020-03394-z?fbclid=IwAR2eJ-XaJq84m6b3QXElbqkdcafR0eOaBaFOkXf5kgN2rAyw_RgGJ97TFYA