The Heart

15/03/2026

🔴 Warning Signs of a Heart Attack You Should Never Ignore (Days Before)🫀

🔹Many heart attacks are not sudden. Symptoms can start hours to days earlier — sometimes even a week before.

🔹Here are the most important warning signs:

1️⃣ Chest Discomfort (Not Always Severe)
Pressure, tightness, squeezing, or heaviness
May come and go
Often worsens with activity
Can feel like “gas” or indigestion

2️⃣ Shortness of Breath
With or without chest pain
Happens during mild activity or even at rest

3️⃣ Unusual Fatigue
Especially common in women
Feeling exhausted without clear reason
Reduced exercise tolerance

4️⃣ Pain That Spreads
Left arm (classic sign)
Both arms
Jaw
Neck
Back
Upper abdomen

5️⃣ Sweating (Cold Sweat)
Sudden unexplained sweating
Often accompanied by nausea

6️⃣ Nausea or Indigestion-like Feeling
Stomach discomfort
Vomiting
Misinterpreted as gastritis

7️⃣ Dizziness or Lightheadedness
Feeling faint
Sudden weakness

⚠️ Who Should Be Extra Careful?
High blood pressure
Diabetes
Smokers
High cholesterol
Family history of heart disease
Age > 45 (men), > 55 (women)

🚨 What To Do
If symptoms last more than 5–10 minutes, or keep recurring:
🔹Do not wait
Seek emergency care immediately
Early treatment saves heart muscle

📌 Important:
🔹Some people (especially diabetics and elderly) may have atypical or silent symptoms.

🔹If something feels unusual and persistent — get checked.

🔹Your heart often whispers before it screams. 🫀

15/03/2026

The urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio can direct personalized prevention and treatment for cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease

As UACR levels ≥30 mg/g indicate heightened risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression, this biomarker may be used to personalize preventive care. Among individuals with UACR ≥30 mg/g, reducing the UACR by at least 30% from the pretreatment (baseline) value is associated with a reduction in the risk for both cardiovascular and kidney events.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/joim.70066

15/03/2026

A review of recent advances in cardiovascular calcification, including mechanisms and potential new medical therapy. What's next for prevention and treatment? 🫀🧬 ahajrnls.org/4s9NXRL

15/03/2026

Aspirin use, lipoprotein(a), and calcific aortic valve disease: the Multi-ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Read more in EHJ.

ow.ly/l9mW50YljMj

15/03/2026

Parvovirus B19-associated myocarditis in children ahajrnls.org/450fT0P

15/03/2026

🇪🇺ESC/EAS (2025) vs 🇺🇲ACC/AHA (2026):
👉 Where They Differ—and Where They Converge

1️⃣ Risk stratification
2️⃣ Definition of very high risk
3️⃣ Role of coronary artery calcium (CAC)
4️⃣ Non-statin add-on therapy
5️⃣ LDL-C treatment goals

https://www.jacc.org/doi/10.1016/j.jacc.2025.11.016

15/03/2026

2026 ACC/AHA/AACVPR/ABC/ACPM/ADA/AGS/APhA/ASPC/NLA/PCNA Guideline on the Management of Dyslipidemia:

1. Treat dyslipidemia earlier to reduce lifetime exposure to atherogenic lipoproteins; start lifestyle counseling in youth and consider early pharmacotherapy in high-risk individuals (e.g., familial hypercholesterolemia or LDL-C ≥160 mg/dL).

2. Use the PREVENT™ risk equations instead of older models to estimate 10- and 30-year ASCVD risk in adults aged 30–79, applying the CPR approach: Calculate risk, Personalize assessment, and Reclassify if needed (e.g., with CAC).

3.Consider LDL-lowering therapy in primary prevention starting at a 10-year risk of 3–5%, and recommend it more strongly at 5–10%, after clinician–patient discussion.

4.LDL-C and non-HDL-C targets are reintroduced, while maintaining focus on percentage LDL reduction based on ASCVD risk.

5.Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) measurement can help detect residual lipoprotein-related risk, especially in patients with high triglycerides, diabetes, or low LDL-C.

6.Measure Lipoprotein(a) at least once; elevated levels significantly increase ASCVD risk and warrant more intensive LDL-lowering strategies.

7.Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring can refine risk assessment and treatment decisions, particularly in men ≥40 and women ≥45 years.

8.LDL-lowering therapy is recommended for adults aged 40–75 with diabetes, CKD stage 3–4, or HIV regardless of LDL-C level.

9.In secondary prevention, stricter targets are recommended: LDL-C

15/03/2026

The 2026 ACC/AHA Dyslipidemia
Guidelines

These new updates bring major shifts in risk assessment, novel lipid markers, and cholesterol targets.

Here are the most salient features you need to know.👇
https://www.jacc.org/doi/10.1016/j.jacc.2025.11.016

15/03/2026

🔴 Warning Signs of a Heart Attack You Should Never Ignore (Days Before)🫀

🔹Your heart often whispers before it screams.

🔹Many heart attacks are not sudden. Symptoms can start hours to days earlier — sometimes even a week before.

Check out Dr. Sintayehu Abebe, MD’s video.

14/03/2026

Precision medicine for cerebral Haemorrhage: Integrating Neuromarkers, Therapeutics, and recovery pathways

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589238X26000148?via%3Dihub

14/03/2026

Cholesterol-Inflammation Fusion Hypothesis in Atherosclerosis: An Evolving Paradigm in Pathogenesis and Therapy
State-of-the-Art

🤔 Interesting to see cholesterol and inflammation portrayed as equal partners in atherosclerosis.

👆 The problem is that the evidence is not remotely symmetrical.

📍 For LDL-C lowering we have decades of randomized trials—4S, HPS, PROVE-IT, IMPROVE-IT, FOURIER, ODYSSEY, CLEAR Outcomes—consistently showing that lowering LDLc reduces cardiovascular events.

👉 For anti-inflammatory therapy?
A small handful of trials, modest benefits, and sometimes meaningful safety concerns.

👆 Inflammation matters. No serious scientist denies that.

📍 But putting cholesterol and inflammation on the same evidentiary level is a bit like calling a tie when one side is supported by a vast body of randomized trial evidence and the other by only limited clinical proof.

👉 LDL isn’t just part of the story.
It’s the only target that has repeatedly proven in randomized trials that moving it changes outcomes.

Evidence first. Symmetry later.

Cholesterol-Inflammation Fusion Hypothesis in Atherosclerosis: An Evolving Paradigm in Pathogenesis and Therapy

https://www.jacc.org/doi/10.1016/j.jacasi.2026.01.002

14/03/2026

New ACC/AHA Guidelines published today for lipids
address measuring Lp(a) and ApoB

https://www.jacc.org/doi/10.1016/j.jacc.2025.11.016