Buufata Fayyaa Bul/Mag/Dadar

10/09/2025

10/09/2025

VDRL (Venereal Disease Research Laboratory) Test
1. Objective:
The VDRL test was performed to detect non-treponemal antibodies (reagin antibodies) that indicated the presence of Treponema pallidum, the bacterium responsible for syphilis.
2. Principle:
The test relied on detecting the presence of reagin antibodies, which react with cardiolipin, lecithin, and cholesterol antigens. When a serum sample containing these antibodies was mixed with the antigen, visible flocculation occurred, indicating a positive result.
3. Materials:
• Serum sample (heat-inactivated)
• VDRL antigen (cardiolipin, lecithin, and cholesterol)
• Test slide
• Mechanical rotator
• Micropipette
• Microscope
4. Procedure (Microscopic):
• 50 µL of the serum sample was placed onto the test slide.
• One drop of VDRL antigen was added to the sample.
• The slide was rotated on a mechanical rotator for 4 minutes.
• After the rotation, the slide was observed under a microscope (10x objective) to check for the presence of flocculation.
5. Result:
• Positive Result: Visible clumping or flocculation indicating the presence of reagin antibodies.
• Negative Result: No clumping, indicating no detectable antibodies.
6. Uses:
• It was commonly used as a screening test for syphilis.
• It helped monitor the effectiveness of treatment for syphilis.
• It was also used in blood donor screening to prevent transmission.
7. Consultation:
Positive results required confirmation using treponemal tests such as FTA-ABS or TPHA. A negative result did not completely rule out syphilis, and further testing might be necessary in specific cases.

05/08/2025

21/06/2025

/toonsilii muruu
( )

👉Toonsiliin keenya fayyaa keenya eeguuf gahee olaanaa taphata.
Toonsiliin qaamolee dhukkuba nurraa dhorkan keessaa tokko kan ta'eefi dhiiga adii oomishuun, jarmoonni dhukkuba nutti fidan akka qaama keenya hin seenne godha.

👉Namni tokko tokko kulkula/dhiita'uu toonsiliin altokko ykn lama qabamee ofumasaa salphumatti ni dhiisa. Garuu, namoota tokko tokko irrattimmoo, itti deddeebi'uun, yaaliidhaan illee fayyuu diduun rakkoo walxaxaa itti fiduu danda'a.
Rakkoo walxaxaan gaafa dhufus, yaalli baqaqsanii yaaluu/toonsilii muruun godhamuu danda'a.

👉Toonsilii muruun yeroo baay'ee daa'immaniif hojjetama; akkasumas, ga'eessotaafis hojjetamuu danda'a.

🔴Yaalli baqaqsanii yaaluu/toonsilii muruun namoota akkamiif hojjetamaa?

✅Namoota irra deddeebi'iin ji'oota 2 ykn 3 oliif sababa qoonqoo keessa isaan nyanyaatuufi dhukkubbiinsaas ofumasaa yoo fayyuu dide.

✅Toonsiliin itti deddeebi'uun kulkuluu/dhiita'uu
Kunis, yoo xiqqaate waggaatti si'a torba ykn waggaatti si'a shan waggoota lamaan darbaniif ykn waggaatti si'a sadii waggoota sadan darbaniif itti deddeebi'uu danda'a.

✅Sababa dhiita'uu toonsiliin yeroo rafan afuurri adda ciccituun yoo jiraate.
Toonsiliin gaafa dhiita'uun garmalee guddatu ujummoo qilleensaa cufuun, hargansuurratti rakkoo fida.

✅Toonsilii gurguddinaan walcaalan yoo jiraate.
Toonsiliin hunduu gurguddinni isaanii walqixa. Yeroo toonsiliin tokko kaan caalaa garmalee guddatu, kaansarii qoonqoo keessaa ykn dhukkuba toonsilii biroo akka hin taane adda baasuuf, toonsiliin lamaanuu muramuu qabu.

Dr.Lemi B Tolu

****
For Quality Care!

08/05/2025

(Measles)
Dhibeen gifiraa dhukkuba daddarbaa vaayiresiidhaan dhufu ta’ee talaallidhaan kan ittifamudha. Dhukkubni kun caalmaatti daa’imman irratti heddummaata.
dhibee gifiraa
• Ho’ina qaamaa
• Qufaa/utaalloo
• Dhukkubbii ijaa/diimachuu ijaa
• Dhangala’aan funyaaniin ba’uu
• Shiftoo fuularra eegaluun gara kutaa qaama birootti babal’atu

fayyaa wal xaxaa dhibee kanaan dhufu/complications/
• Duudummaa, Jaamummaa, Of wallaaluu, Miidhama sammuu, Rakkoo afuura baafannaa, Garaa kaasaa yeroo dheeraa fi Madaa’uu afaanii fa’adha.

gifirri ittiin daddarbu
• Namarraa gara namaatti kallattiin yeroo qufa’an, dubbatanii fi haxxiffatan
• Tuttuqqii nama dhukkubsatee fi meeshaalee inni fayyadame
• Qilleensaan gara nama fayyatti darbuu danda’a.

ittisa dhukkubichaa
• Talaallii Gifiraa(Measles vaccine) marsaa lamaan ji’a 9 fi15 tti fudhachuu
• Vaayitamin A fudhachuu
• Qulqullina dhuunfaa fi naannoo eeguu
• Tuttuuqqii dhukkubsataa irraa of eeguu fi
• Nama mallattoo dhukkubicha qabu dafanii gara dhaabbata fayyaa geessuu

!

29/04/2025

QORICHOOTA YEROO ULFAA FUDHATAMUU HIN QABNE
Qorichi yeroo ulfaa dhibbaa dhibbatti ulfa irratti guutummaa guututti rakkoo hinqabu jedhamu waan hin jirreef haati tokko yeroo ulfaa qoricha kamiyyuu osoo ogeessa fayyaa hin mariisisiin fudhachuu hinqabdu!

Qorichootni baayyeen yeroo ulfaafudhatamuu hin qabne hedduutu jiru. Haa ta’u malee kanneen gurguddoon kan armaan gadiiti.
1.NSAIDS ( Aspirine, Diclofenac, Ibuprofen, Indome thacin….etc): keessumaa torbee28 booda(3rd trimester). Kale fi onnee daa’imaa irratti miidhaa qaba!
2.Statins (Atrovastatine,Simvastatine,Levostatine…etc): qorichootni kun kolestrolii haadhaa gadi buusu, kolestrooliin ammoo guddina daa’imaaf barbaachisaadha.
3.Warfarin: rakkoo dhalootaa fiduu danda’a( multiple birth defects)
4.Testestrone: rakkoo dhalootaa fiduu danda’a
5.Misoprostol: ulfa irraa baasa( miscarriage)
6.Sulfamethoxale/trimethoprim(Bactrim): keessumaa torbee 28 boodafudhatamuu hin qabu
7.Nitroimidazole(Metronidale and Tinidazole): keessumaa torbee 12 jalqabaa irratti(1st trimester) fudhatamuu hin qabu.
8.Griseofulvin: ulfa irraa baasa( spontanous abortion)
9.Methotrexate: rakkoo dhalootaa fida. Fkn ‘cleft palate’
10.Thalidomide: rakkoo dhalootaa fida. Fkn harkaa fi ykn miilli uumamuu dhabuu ykn gabaabbachuu.
11.Estradiol
12.Clomiphene citrate: dawaan kun haadholii daa’ima godhachuu dhaban yaaluuf kan gargaaru dha. Haa ta’u malee erga ulfi gadameessatti uumamee fudhachuun qaama ddaa’imaa irratti rakkoo dhalootaa fida!
13.Medroxyprogestrone acetate: qaama saalaa daa’ima gadameessa jiruu akkaata sirrii hintaaneen akka uumamu gochuu mala.
14.Danazol: uumama sirna qaama walhormaata daa’imaa dhalaa(durbaa) irratti rakkoo fida
15.Finasteride: guddina sirna walhormaata daa’ima dhiirarrtti rakkoo fida
16.Tetracycline: rakkoo lafee fi ilkaan daa’imaa fida
17.Chloramphenicol: dhukkuba ‘gray baby syndrome’ jedhamu daa’imatti fida
18.Isoniazid: daa’imatti gaggabdoo fi miidhaa tiruu fida.
fayyaan faaya.
https://t.me/Dr_Heran_Offical

29/04/2025

✅ Hypoglycaemia: Signs and Symptoms:

Hypoglycemia: Blood glucose < 70 mg/dL.

Severe hypoglycemia: Cognitive impairment requiring assistance.

❇️ Etiology

🔷Endogenous insulin overproduction

* Insulinoma, Non-insulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemia (NIPHS)

* Insulin secretagogues (Sulfonylureas, Meglitinides)

🔷Exogenous insulin administration

* Insulin overdose in diabetes mellitus patients

🔷Reactive hypoglycemia

* Postprandial (often after gastric surgery)

🔷Alcohol-induced hypoglycemia

* Inhibition of gluconeogenesis

🔷Critical illness

* Sepsis, hepatic/renal failure, adrenal insufficiency

❇️ Clinical Features

🔷Neurogenic Symptoms (Autonomic)

Sweating, tremor, palpitations, anxiety

🔷Neuroglycopenic Symptoms (CNS)

Confusion, irritability, blurred vision, seizures, loss of consciousness

❇️ Diagnosis

🔷Whipple’s Triad (classic criteria):

* Symptoms of hypoglycemia

* Blood glucose < 70 mg/dL

* Symptom resolution after glucose administration

🔷Labs:

* Blood glucose, insulin, C-peptide, sulfonylurea levels

* Insulinoma: ↑ Insulin, ↑ C-peptide, normal/high proinsulin

* Exogenous insulin use: ↑ Insulin, ↓ C-peptide

❇️ Management

🔷Acute Hypoglycemia

* Oral glucose (if conscious)

* IV dextrose (if unconscious)

* Glucagon IM if IV access unavailable

🔷Long-term Management

* Treat underlying cause (e.g., remove insulinoma, adjust insulin dosing)