04/07/2023
Diabetes
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia) resulting from defects in insulin production, insulin action, or both. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins by allowing cells to take in glucose from the bloodstream.
There are three main types of diabetes:
Type 1 diabetes: This occurs when the body's immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body produces little or no insulin. Type 1 diabetes is usually diagnosed in children and young adults and requires daily insulin injections or the use of an insulin pump.
Type 2 diabetes: This is the most common form of diabetes and usually develops in adulthood, although it is increasingly being diagnosed in children and adolescents. In type 2 diabetes, the body becomes resistant to the effects of insulin, and the pancreas may not produce enough insulin to compensate. Lifestyle factors such as obesity, lack of physical activity, and poor diet can contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes. It can often be managed with lifestyle changes, oral medications, and sometimes insulin injections.
Gestational diabetes: This type of diabetes occurs during pregnancy and usually resolves after childbirth. It affects about 2-10% of pregnant women and can increase the risk of complications for both the mother and the baby. Women who have had gestational diabetes have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.
Common symptoms of diabetes include increased thirst, frequent urination, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, blurred vision, slow healing of wounds, and recurrent infections. However, some people with type 2 diabetes may not experience any symptoms initially.
Long-term complications of diabetes can affect various organs and systems in the body, including the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys, and nerves. It is essential for people with diabetes to manage their blood sugar levels through a combination of medication (insulin or oral drugs), a healthy diet, regular physical activity, and monitoring of blood glucose levels.
If you suspect you have diabetes or have concerns about your health, it's important to consult a healthcare professional who can provide a proper diagnosis and develop an appropriate treatment plan.
.....