27/08/2025
For patients with degenerative disc disease (DDD) and low back pain, flexion-distraction therapy offers a gentle, non-surgical approach with several key benefits, such as pain reduction, increased mobility, and promotion of spinal health. A 2021 study on DDD patients found that this therapy significantly decreased pain and improved spine mobility.
Mechanism of action
Flexion-distraction is a treatment protocol that uses a segmented table to rhythmically stretch and decompress specific segments of the spine. By moving the spine through a controlled range of motion, the therapy:
Creates negative pressure within the disc, helping to pull a bulging or herniated disc back into place.
Increases the height of the intervertebral disc, taking pressure off sensitive nerves.
Enlarges the intervertebral foramen, the small opening where spinal nerves exit, to relieve nerve pressure.
Primary benefits for patients with DDD and low back pain
Significant pain relief: Flexion-distraction can effectively reduce chronic low back pain, which is often a result of degenerative disc changes. A study on patients with lumbar spinal stenosis (a narrowing of the spinal canal often associated with DDD) found that those who received flexion-distraction experienced a greater reduction in pain compared to a group that received conservative therapy alone.
Improved spinal mobility:
The therapy's gentle, rhythmic movements help restore normal movement and function to stiff or restricted spinal joints. A study on DDD patients found that flexion-distraction significantly improved their spinal mobility.
Enhanced disc health:
The pumping motion of the therapy helps to promote blood flow and move nutrients into the spinal discs. This "imbibition" process helps to maintain the health of discs that are in the process of wearing down.
May avoid surgery and medications in selected cases: As a non-invasive, drug-free alternative, this therapy may help patients find lasting pain relief without relying on medication or invasive surgical procedures. For some patients with disc injuries, flexion-distraction can eliminate or delay the need for surgery.
Gentle and safe:
The treatment is gentle and is often used for patients who cannot tolerate more forceful manipulations, including those with brittle bones or who are recovering from surgery. Many patients report that the procedure feels comfortable and relaxing.
Better posture:
By addressing stiffness and promoting proper alignment, flexion-distraction can help improve overall posture.
What to expect during treatment
During a session, a consultant uses a specialized, segmented table to apply gentle, controlled movements. The patient lies face down while the table, guided by the practitioner, gently stretches and flexes the spine. The treatment is low-velocity and repetitive, without the sudden thrusts or "cracking" sounds of traditional manual adjustments. The consultant can customize the movements to target specific affected segments of the spine.
Sciatica and disc pain clinic. Specialising in non surgical decompression and flexion distraction therapy.