20/11/2024
Living Loss - ‘Closure is a myth’, Dr. Pauline Boss
The concept of living loss encompasses the ongoing nature, ie any form of closure is a long time coming, of losing someone gradually, where the person may be physically present but mentally and emotionally absent.
The emotional toll is persistent and complex, manifesting as chronic stress, ambiguous grief, and sometimes even trauma, for the family and primary care giver.
Coping with a "living loss,”, for example with a family member with Alzheimer’s Disease, can profoundly impact both the mental and physical health of you as a caregiver and your family members.
As a district nurse my heart used to go out to the primary care giver of a relative with dementia or Alzheimer’s. The patient I was checking on had no idea who I was, who they were or what I was there to do and so I would spend more of my time ‘chatting’ with the relative. The relative was most often a woman, a daughter, caring for a parent who very often didn’t recognise their own child. I barely scratched the surface of the care that the care giver required.
> Mental Health Effects of Living Loss
1. Chronic Grief and Ambiguity: Living loss is marked by unresolved grief, which means there’s no definitive closure. This ambiguity can lead to persistent feelings of sadness, confusion, and helplessness. Psychologists like Dr. Pauline Boss describe this as "frozen grief," where the mourning process is constantly suspended, making it harder for the individual to heal.�
2. Increased Risk of Depression and Anxiety: Many caregivers experience heightened levels of depression and anxiety, stemming from the uncertainty of the loved one’s condition. There’s a sense of “mourning without end,” as they lose aspects of the loved one’s personality and shared life in pieces, which can leave caregivers feeling perpetually overwhelmed and isolated.�
3. Social Isolation: Caregivers often feel isolated, either because they dedicate so much time to their role or because friends and family struggle to understand the complexities of living loss. This isolation can worsen feelings of loneliness and sadness, leading to a deepened sense of social withdrawal. It’s a never ending cycle. �
4. Cognitive Strain: Managing the demands of caregiving, navigating unpredictable emotions, and coping with ambiguous grief can cause cognitive overload. Caregivers often report difficulty concentrating, memory issues, and a general mental fog due to ongoing stress.�
> Physical Health Effects of Living Loss
1. Chronic Stress and Burnout: The continuous demands of caregiving, combined with unresolved grief, can activate the body’s stress response system for extended periods. Chronic stress can raise cortisol levels, which affects immunity, cardiovascular health, and increases the risk of health conditions like raised blood pressure and heart disease.�
2. Sleep Disturbances: Caregivers often suffer from insomnia or disrupted sleep patterns due to worry, sadness, or the practical demands of nighttime care. Sleep loss compounds stress, affecting the immune system and the body's ability to restore itself.�
3. Increased Risk of Immune Dysfunction: Studies show that chronic caregivers can experience compromised immune function. Ongoing stress has been linked to inflammation and slower wound healing, making caregivers more vulnerable to infections and illnesses.�
4. Higher Incidence of Chronic Illness: Research indicates that caregivers of people with dementia and Alzheimer’s have higher rates of physical conditions like arthritis, obesity, and diabetes. This may be due to a lack of self-care, inadequate time for exercise, or poor dietary choices driven by limited time and energy.�
> Emotional Effects: Identity and Relationship Loss
1. Loss of Shared Identity: Caregivers often feel as if they’re losing a part of themselves along with their loved one. This erosion of identity can affect self-worth, as they feel their own life is “on hold” while they focus on caregiving. This experience may also spark feelings of resentment, self-doubt, and guilt.�
2. Sense of Role Overwhelm: Shifting from spouse, child, or sibling to caregiver can be psychologically taxing. Caregivers may feel sadness over losing the relationship as it once was and frustration that their own needs are unmet.�
3. Complicated Love and Loyalty: Living loss can create a mix of resentment, obligation, love and duty. Caregivers may feel guilt for mourning the loss of the person they remember while caring for who they are now, and conflicted feelings can lead to confusion and self-criticism.�
All of the above sounds very negative doesn’t it? I know from the many care givers I have met that they started out with all the best of intentions not realising just how long this role was going to last for them.
So with the aim being to build resilience and ongoing adaptability, what could help in coping with living loss
> Seeking Professional Support: Therapy, particularly with grief specialists or therapists trained in ambiguous loss, can provide validation and coping strategies.
> Building Support Networks: Support groups for caregivers offer emotional relief, shared advice, and connection with others who understand the unique experience of living loss. Check www.alzheimers.org.uk for advice and support
> Practicing Self-Compassion and Setting Boundaries: Caregivers benefit from self-compassion practices, acknowledging that grief is normal and caring for themselves is essential. Setting boundaries to protect personal time, even if challenging, is crucial for mental and physical well-being.
> Mindfulness and Stress Management: Practices such as meditation, deep breathing, and progressive muscle relaxation can help caregivers manage stress. Engaging in small, present-moment activities, like journaling or enjoying nature, can also reduce mental strain.
In summary, living loss is an ongoing, multi-faceted grief experience that impacts every part of a person’s well-being. Caregivers of loved ones with Alzheimer’s or dementia experience cumulative emotional and physical effects, underscoring the need for self-compassion, professional support, and strategies to safeguard mental and physical health.
It’s a minefield isn’t it?
How are you? Have you had experience of living loss?
Here at Deva Empowerment the stress, anxiety and overwhelm can be helped with Havening Techniques. Be in touch if you would like to experience a complimentary session.
With love and support
Denise