30/04/2026
TRAUMA IS A LOSS OF FLOW – BUT NOT FOR THE REASON WE THINK
A paper published today, The Body Does Not Keep the Score: Trauma, Predictive Coding, and the Restoration of Metastability, reframes trauma not as something stored in the body, but as a disorder of predictive dynamics within the brain [1].
At its core is a loss of metastability – the brain’s ability to flexibly move between semi-stable network states. The system becomes constrained. Less fluid. Less able to integrate and reorganise in response to context.
What emerges is a pattern of self-confirming threat prediction:
👉 connectivity shifts toward defensive configurations
👉 flexibility diminishes
👉 perception, action, and sensation become tightly coupled around threat
In this model, trauma is not “held” in the body. The body becomes the messenger of dysregulated prediction, not the archive of past experience. This is an important shift.
But it is incomplete. Because while predictive coding may explain how the system becomes stuck, it does not explain why the system needed to adapt in this way in the first place. A nervous system does not lose fluidity without reason. Loss of flow is the consequence.
In early life, the capacity to process emotion energy is not yet developed. It is built through repeated experiences of co-regulation – what I define as Babyhood Emotional Attunement (BEA). When this process is insufficient – Babyhood Emotional Neglect (BEN) – the system is exposed to internal states it cannot metabolise.
At that point, emotion becomes an internal threat. The nervous system must adapt. It does so by prioritising containment over processing. What later appears as maladaptive prediction is, in fact, an earlier adaptive solution – a system organised around managing what could not be processed [2 – 9]. This is emoturity: the developmental capacity of the nervous system to remain embodied with emotion energy without becoming overwhelmed by it.
When emoturity is underdeveloped:
👉 metastability is reduced
👉 threat circuitry becomes dominant
👉 top-down regulation is compromised
This is well reflected in neuroimaging findings in PTSD, where amygdala hyperactivation coexists with reduced medial prefrontal regulation. From this perspective, trauma is not simply a failure of recalibration. It is a system that was never given the conditions required for calibration in the first place. Restoration, therefore, is not just about correcting prediction. It is about rebuilding capacity for flow. A gradual expansion of the system’s ability to:
➡️ experience emotion
➡️ remain regulated
➡️ integrate internal states
This is the role of emotology – the process through which emotion energy is tracked, named, and processed through the body. And through this process, metastability is not forced. It re-emerges.
MORE INFORMATION:
📌 Emoturity - Nervous System Emotional Maturity:
https://www.facebook.com/share/p/16Hh4tXebz/
📌 WHEN EMOTION HAS NOWHERE TO GO:
https://www.facebook.com/share/p/18U1YAKnTM/
📌 NEUROPHYSIOLOGY DOESN’T FORGET
https://www.facebook.com/share/p/1DtYa1v3Ka/
📌 THE BODY IS NOT “KEEPING THE SCORE.”
https://www.facebook.com/share/p/18YiW2DuBC/
📌 THE BODY ADAPTS TO HOLD WHAT IT CANNOT PROCESS:
https://www.facebook.com/share/p/1G2ui1Ccqf/
📌 WHEN EMOTION CANNOT MOVE, THE BODY MUST ADAPT
https://www.facebook.com/share/p/1CQXNYoNNT/
📌 WHY THE BODY MUST CONTAIN
https://www.facebook.com/share/p/14eXadByNL4/
📌 THE THREAT IN BEN:
https://www.facebook.com/share/p/1BHBRhLTpY/
📌 BEN’S EFFECT ON BIOLOGY, BEHAVIOUR & HEALTH
https://www.facebook.com/share/p/14VfivnG9Yz/
📌 EMOTION WIRES THE NERVOUS SYSTEM:
https://www.facebook.com/share/p/1BbHRZub7o/
📌 BEN’S PROPENSITY FOR SYNDROMES
https://www.facebook.com/share/p/19fbXzymQs/
📌 IMPROVING LONG-TERM HEALTH OUTCOMES
https://www.facebook.com/share/p/1GBmxvvYup/
REFERENCES:
[1] Kotler S, Mannino M, Fox G and Friston K (2026) The body does not keep the score: trauma, predictive coding, and the restoration of metastability. Front. Syst. Neurosci. 20:1812957. https://doi.10.3389/fnsys.2026.1812957
[2] Tyborowska, A., Volman, I., Smeekens, S., Toni, I. & Roelofs, K. Testosterone during puberty shifts emotional control from pulvinar to anterior prefrontal cortex. J. Neurosci. 36, 6156–6164 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3874-15.2016
[3] Tyborowska, A., Volman, I., Niermann, H.C.M. et al. Early-life and pubertal stress differentially modulate grey matter development in human adolescents. Sci Rep 8, 9201 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-27439-5
[4] Sheth C, McGlade E, Yurgelun-Todd D. Chronic Stress in Adolescents and Its Neurobiological and Psychopathological Consequences: An RDoC Perspective. Chronic Stress (Thousand Oaks). 2017 Jan-Dec; 1:2470547017715645. https://doi.org/10.1177/2470547017715645
[5] Morena M, Patel S, Bains JS, Hill MN. Neurobiological Interactions Between Stress and the Endocannabinoid System. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2016 Jan;41(1):80-102. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4677118/
[6] Hill MN, Eiland L, Lee TTY, Hillard CJ, McEwen BS. Early life stress alters the developmental trajectory of corticolimbic endocannabinoid signaling in male rats. Neuropharmacology. 2019 Mar 1;146:154-162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.11.036
[7] Gee DG, Gabard-Durnam LJ, Flannery J, Goff B, Humphreys KL, Telzer EH, Hare TA, Bookheimer SY, Tottenham N. Early developmental emergence of human amygdala-prefrontal connectivity after maternal deprivation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Sep 24;110(39):15638-43. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1307893110
[8] Moriceau S, Shionoya K, Jakubs K, Sullivan RM. Early-life stress disrupts attachment learning: the role of amygdala corticosterone, locus ceruleus corticotropin releasing hormone, and olfactory bulb norepinephrine. J Neurosci. 2009 Dec 16;29(50):15745-55. https://www.jneurosci.org/content/29/50/15745
[9] Shin L. M. Rauch S. L. Pitman R. K. (2006). Amygdala, medial prefrontal cortex, and hippocampal function in PTSD. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci.1071, 67–79. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2026.1812957