11/08/2025
Most backbends raise sympathetic activity because there are sympathetic fibres along the spine that are activated through pressure. Also, when we are engaged in deeper backbends and really open the chest, the shape of the thoracic region applies pressure to the lungs, making it harder to breathe. Both increase heart rate and elevate the nervous system. There is nothing wrong with this, but bridge pose is a special exception, and here’s why:
1. Baroreceptor reflex
At the side of the neck is a small widening of the carotid artery called the carotid sinus. Inside are receptors that pick up changes in pressure called baroreceptors. If pressure rises beyond what is optimal, and the mechanism is working properly (something that does not occur in hypertension), they send signals to the brainstem. In bridge, if we have the flexibility to push the chest into the chin, we put pressure on the carotid sinus, increasing blood pressure, which then triggers this reflex. The brain sends signals to the heart to reduce heart rate and blood pressure.
2. Post-exercise hypotension
Holding bridge works the quadriceps, hamstrings, and glutes. This requires a lot of ATP. When ATP is broken down for energy, byproducts of this process build up, and the brain senses this build-up as a need for a high demand of energy. This causes a further rise in blood pressure and heart rate, needed for the rapid delivery of oxygen to cells to make ATP. When the pose is released, the body reflexively widens the blood vessels in those muscles, and this causes blood pressure to drop, a process called post-exercise hypotension. This triggers a parasympathetic state.
3. Breathing shift
In bridge we often clasp our hands behind our back. Usually, backbends cause chesty breathing, and in turn sympathetic arousal. This action, however, stabilises the muscles supporting chesty breathing so they can't lift the ribcage, and we revert to diaphragmatic breathing, which supports a parasympathetic response.
All of these mechanisms can occur in other poses, but only bridge brings them together, allowing a deep lowering of blood pressure when we come down, making it a unique backbend, one that can even support sleep. This is just a glimpse into the science behind bridge pose. Read the full article at: https://themindedinstitute.com/bridge-pose-the-backbend-that-can-lower-blood-pressure/ for more on how posture shifts breathing and the nervous system.