10/03/2020
Are you getting enough vitamin D? Important for bone building and bone strength, teeth and muscle health, vitamin D helps regulate the absorption of calcium and phosphorus in the body.
Vitamin D also helps modulate the immune system response with deficiencies associated with increased risk of autoimmunity and susceptibility to infections. It may also be helpful in protecting against some types of cancers, diabetes, heart disease and high blood pressure.
Symptoms of vitamin D deficiency include muscle weakness, pain, fatigue and depression. Severe deficiency causes rickets in children, leading to poor growth patterns, muscle weakness, bone pain and joint deformaties. In adults severe deficiency may result in osteomalicia (softening of the bones).
Vitamin D can be obtained in a number of ways. The easiest, if it is sunny, is to expose unprotected skin to the sun about 20 minutes per day, 3-5 days per week. The optimal time is between 10am-3pm when the sun’s rays are most powerful. However in many countries north of the Equator there is usually not enough sunlight in the late fall, winter and early spring months. Because of this, vitamin D must be obtained from food or supplements. Food sources include egg yolks, fortified foods (cereals, milks), oily fish (salmon, mackerel, herring, sardines), liver and red meat.
Fair-skinned and younger individuals convert sunshine into vitamin D more efficiently than those with darker-skin or those who are older (50+). It may be difficult for vegans to get enough vitamin D from their diets alone as animal derived foods have more bioactive forms of vitamin D (D3). Vitamin D levels may also be lowered by certain medications including laxatives, steroids, cholesterol lowering drugs and weight loss drugs. The best way to find out if you are deficient is to have your vitamin D levels tested.
In the UK, children 5+ and adults are recommended to supplement 10 micrograms/day from October through March at a minimum. Higher levels are not recommended unless you have been tested and are being advised by a doctor or nutritional professional.