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01/04/2017

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28/02/2017

Bonus Level of First Aid

Now, when you are familiar with the most common scenarios and how to respond to those. We will get back to the very basics to remind you how to take a pulse and check breathing. Every first aid skill should be acquired at certified courses from experienced ER personnel.

Check Breathing

ABC, which stands for:
Airway
Breathing
Circulation

To check if a person is breathing:
- Look to see if their chest is rising and falling
- Listen over their mouth and nose for breathing sounds
- Feel their breath against your cheek for 10 sec

NB! Gasping or irregular breathing Is not normal breathing. Agonal breathing is common in the first few minutes after a sudden heart attack. Identify other heart attack symptoms and proceed with .

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27/02/2017

Bonus Level of First Aid

Now, when you are familiar with the most common scenarios and how to respond to those. We will get back to the very basics to remind you how to take a pulse and check breathing. Every first aid skill should be acquired at certified courses from experienced ER personnel.

Taking a pulse

Your pulse is the rate at which your heart beats. As your heart pumps blood through your body, you can feel a pulsing in some of the blood vessels close to the skin's surface.

Normal resting heart rate for an adult is 60-100 beats per minute. Certain health conditions can cause your pulse to change. There are several options to check your pulse:

1. On the wrist
- Gently place 2 fingers on the artery below a thumb
- Do not use thumb, because it has its own pulse, that you may feel
- Count the beats for 30 sec, and then double the results to get the number of beats per minute

2. On the carotid artery
This artery is located on the neck, on either side of the windpipe.

NB! Be careful when checking the pulse in this location, especially if the person is older than 65. If you press too hard, the person may become lightheaded and fall.

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24/02/2017

Advanced Level of First Aid

Once you get well-acquainted with most frequent cases, you can proceed further: drowning, CPR, spine injury, stroke, etc. Note that this piece of content is intended to be informative, rather than educating. Every first aid skill should be acquired at certified courses from experienced ER personnel.

Amputation (Accidental)

It is the removal of a limb by trauma, medical illness or surgery. Surgical amputation is applied to control pain or a disease process. In this part we shall cover an accidental amputation.

1) Call 911
As a real emergency situation, you have to call your local emergency number!

2) Stop the bleeding
All the general rules to stop the bleeding, which we covered in both Beginner and Intermediate levels apply.
- Have the injured person lie down, if possible
- Elevate the injured area

NB! Do not reposition the person if you suspect a spinal injury

- Apply steady, direct pressure to the wound. If there is an object, apply pressure around it
- If blood soaks through, add another covering over the first one
- Use a tourniquet only if bleeding can not be stopped with direct pressure
- Wrap or cover the injured area with sterile dressing

3) Treat shock
- With the person still lying flat, raise the feet about 30 cm
- Cover with coat or blanket
- Calm the person as much as possible until the emergency team arrives

4) Save amputated part
In some cases, the amputated part can be reattached!
- If possible, rinse with clean water to remove dirt/debris. Do not use soap!
- Place in a clean, plastic bag
- Pack the bag in ice. Take it with you to the hospital!

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23/02/2017

Advanced Level of First Aid

Once you get well-acquainted with most frequent cases, you can proceed further: drowning, CPR, spine injury, stroke, etc. Note that this piece of content is intended to be informative, rather than educating. Every first aid skill should be acquired at certified courses from experienced ER personnel.

Stroke

A stroke happens when there is bleeding into your brain or normal blood flow is blocked, thus the brain can not receive essential nutrients. A process of brain cells dying may continue over the next several hours.

Seek immediate medical assistance! The quicker the person receives medical help, the more likely the damage can be minimized. Every moment counts.

Remember F-A-S-T to identify warning signs:

- Face. Does the face droop on one side while trying to smile?
- Arms. Is one arm lower when trying to raise both arms?
- Speech. Can a simple sentence be repeated? Is speech slurred or strange?
- Time. Record a time when you noticed the symptoms. During a stroke every minute counts. If you observe any of these signs, call your emergency number.

Other signs:
- Numbness on one side of the body
- Blurred or loss of vision, particularly in one eye
- Severe headache – with no apparent cause
- Unexplained dizziness, unsteadiness or a sudden fall
- Get a person to the nearest hospital or call for an emergency team, then follow up with prescriptions and instructions.

Risk factors:
- High Blood pressure
- Previous stroke precedent
- Smoking
- Diabetes
- Heart disease
- Aging

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22/02/2017

Advanced Level of First Aid

Once you get well-acquainted with most frequent cases, you can proceed further: drowning, CPR, spine injury, stroke, etc. Note that this piece of content is intended to be informative, rather than educating. Every first aid skill should be acquired at certified courses from experienced ER personnel.

Spinal Injury

A fracture is a broken bone. It requires medical attention, no matter how seamless it is. If the fracture is a result of a major trauma or injury, call your local emergency number. If you suspect a back or neck injury, do not move the affected person. Permanent paralysis can result.

- The person complains of severe pain in his neck or back
- The person can't move his or her neck
- The person complains of weakness, numbness or paralysis/lack control of their limbs, bladder or bowels
- The neck or back is twisted or positioned oddly

If you suspect a spinal injury:
1) Get help.
Call emergency medical help. They might ask you to transport a person to the nearest hospital. Recall your first aid lecture at your driving classes → transport a person on the back seats on their back and secure the neck.

2) Keep the person still.
Secure the neck on both sides with towels or hold the head with your hands to prevent movement.

3) Modify CPR technique.
Chest compressions will remain similar, however, do not tilt the head to open the airway. Gently lift the jaw forward.

4) Keep helmet on.
If the person is wearing a helmet, don't remove it.

5) Don't roll alone
If you are alone and the person is vomiting, chocking or in danger, you need at least one other person. While moving a person, keep head, neck and back aligned and secured (one is holding person's head and neck, the other is moving the body).

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21/02/2017

Advanced Level of First Aid

Once you get well-acquainted with most frequent cases, you can proceed further: drowning, CPR, spine injury, stroke, etc. Note that this piece of content is intended to be informative, rather than educating. Every first aid skill should be acquired at certified courses from experienced ER personnel.

CPR

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a lifesaving technique for those whose breathing or heartbeat has stopped. When the heart stops, the lack of oxygenated blood can cause brain damage in only a few minutes. A person may die within 8-10 minutes. t is not recommended to perform the rescue breaths for an untrained individuals!

1) If you are untrained in CPR or unsure/rusty, provide uninterrupted chest compressions of 100-120 a minute until paramedics arrive.

2) Trained and confident. Start with 30 chest compressions before checking the airway and giving rescue breaths.

To learn CPR properly, take an accredited first-aid training course.
Call 911 if you have immediate access to a phone, if not start with chest compressions then call. (Handy tip: Call 911 with “Speaker Mode”, that will allow you to perform first aid and receive all the instructions from the dispatcher.)

Remember C-A-B

The American Heart Association uses the acronym of CAB – compressions, airway, breathing – to help people remember the order to perform the steps of CPR.

Before you begin!

- Check the environment for safety
- If an AED is immediately available, deliver one shock if instructed by the device, then begin CPR.

Compressions: Restore blood circulation
1) Put the person on their back on a firm surface
2) Place the heel of one hand over the centre of the person's chest, between the ni***es. Place your other hand of top of the first hand. Keep your elbows straight and position your shoulders directly above your hands
3) Use your upper body weight as you push straight down on the chest at least 5 cm but not greater than 6 cm. Continue at 100-120 compressions a minute
4) If you are untrained in CPR, continue chest compressions until there are signs of movement. If you have been trained in CPR, check the airway and initiate rescue breathing.

Airway: Clear the airway
1) Put your palm on the person's forehead and gently tilt the head back. Then with the other hand, gently lift the chin forward to open the airway.
2) Check for normal breathing (5-10 sec)

Breathing:
1) With the airway open, pinch the nostrils shut for mouth-to-mouth breathing and cover the person's mouth with yours, making a seal
2) Give the first rescue breath – lasting one second – and watch to see if the chest rises. If it does → give the second breath. If it doesn't rise, repeat the head-tilt manoeuvrer and then give the second breath.
3) Resume chest compressions to restore circulation. 30 chest compressions → 2 breath is considered one cycle
4) If the person has not begun moving after five cycles (about 2 minutes) and an automated external defibrillator (AED) is available, apply it and follow the prompts. Administer one shock, then resume CPR – chest compressions for 2 minutes before administering a second shock. If an AED is unavailable, go to step 5
5) Continue CPR until there are signs of movement or emergency team take over

If you notice anything unusual to how the wound curing, seek medical assistance.
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20/02/2017

Advanced Level of First Aid

Once you get well-acquainted with most frequent cases, you can proceed further: drowning, CPR, spine injury, stroke, etc. Note that this piece of content is intended to be informative, rather than educating. Every first aid skill should be acquired at certified courses from experienced ER personnel.

Drowning

No matter how confident you are in your swimming skills, accidents do happen... Random cold spring can cause convulsions; overheating can cause lose of consciousness; temperature change can cause a heart attack, and many other factors.

If a person is drowning:
1) Get Help
Notify a lifeguard, if one is close. If not, ask someone to call 911.

2) Move the person
Take a person out of the water.

3) Check for Breathing
If the person is not breathing ->

4) Check pulse (10 sec)
If there is no pulse ->

5) Start CPR
Proceed to chest compressions, unless you are trained in CPR, then start with 2 rescue breath before chest compressions. Learn how to do CPR tomorrow at our page(link in the bio) or across the web.

6) Once the heart beat and breathing resumes, treat a person as hypothermia.
Cover a person with a dry blanket or a towel. Change once it gets wet.

7) Follow up with medical team's instructions

If you notice anything unusual to how the wound curing, seek medical assistance.

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19/02/2017

If you have been following our Campaign for those 2 weeks you can easily get all answers correctly in this quiz by British Red Cross

Try and share with us how you have done in the comments below!

https://www.dontstopat999.com/

Rise to the challenge and put your lifesaving knowledge to the test. Take the quiz!

17/02/2017

Intermediate Level of First Aid

Once you know the essentials of , you can proceed to a bit more difficult cases: fractures, severe bleeding, head injury, heart attack, etc. Note that this piece of content is intended to be informative, rather than educating. Every first aid skill should be acquired at certified courses from experienced ER personnel.

Head Trauma

An head injury is any trauma to the scalp, skull or brain. They vary from a minor bump on the skull to a serious brain injury. They can be either closed or open:

- Closed means you received a hard blow to the head from striking an object, but the object did not break the skull.
- Open/penetrating occurs when the object broke the skull and entered the brain.

The other classification you may apply to head injuries:
- Concussion
- Scalp wounds
- Skull fractures

Head injury can cause bleeding in either the brain tissue or the layers surrounding the brain.

Symptoms

Those can occur right away or develop over several hours or even days. Even if the skull is not fractures, the brain might be bruised and swell or start bleeding inside the skull.

Being able to recognize a serious head injury and give basic first aid can save someone's life. For a moderate to severe head injury, call you local emergency number.

- Bleeding from nose, mouth, or ears
- Visible injuries (distorted facial features, facial bruising, fracture in the skull, swelling at the site of injury)
- Changes in size of pupils
- Impaired hearing, smell, taste or vision (double, blurred)
- Lightheadedness, dizziness, clumsiness or lack of coordination
-Severe headache
-Stiff neck or vomiting
-Inability to move one or more limbs, convulsions
-Sudden worsening of symptoms after initial improvement

First Aid

1) Call 911, 999, 112
2) Check for breathing/heart beat
3) If the person is breathing and heart rate are normal. Stabilize the head and neck by placing your hands on both sides of the person's head. Keep the head in line with the spine and prevent movement.
4) Stop any bleeding by firmly pressing a clean cloth on the wound. If the injury is serious, be careful not to move the person's head. If blood soaks through the cloth, place another cloth over the first one.
5) If you suspect a skull fracture, do not apply direct pressure or remove any debris from the wound. Cover the wound with sterile gauze dressing.
6) If the person is vomiting, roll the person's head, neck, and body as one unit onto their side. Treat as if they have the spine injury, which is likely in the case of a head injury.

NB!
1) Do not wash head wound
2) Do not remove any object sticking out of the wound
3) Do not move or shake the person, unless absolutely necessary
4) Do not remove helmet if you suspect a serious head injury
5) Do not pick up a fallen child with any sign of head injury
6) Do not drink alcohol within 48 hours of a serious head injury

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16/02/2017

Intermediate Level of First Aid

Once you know the essentials of , you can proceed to a bit more difficult cases: fractures, severe bleeding, head injury, heart attack, etc. Note that this piece of content is intended to be informative, rather than educating. Every first aid skill should be acquired at certified courses from experienced ER personnel.

Heart Attack

A medical emergency, which occurs when the blood flows that carries oxygen to the heart is blocked. The heart muscle becomes starved for oxygen and begins to die.

Symptoms

They can vary from person to person. Women, older adults, and people with diabetes are more likely to have subtle or unusual symptoms. Remember 4 Ps:

1) Pain – continuous pain in the chest, could spread to the jaw, neck or arms.
2) Pale skin
3) Pulse – rapid and weak
4) Perspiration/sweating

5) Nausea – more common in women

If you think someone is having a heart attack:
1) Have a person sit down, rest and try to keep calm
2) Loosen any tight clothing
3) Ask if the person takes any chest pain medication, such as nitroglycerin
4) If there are no allergies to aspirin then ask a person to chew slowly and swallow and aspirin
5) If the pain does not go away promptly with rest or within 3 minutes of taking nitroglycerin, call for emergency medical help
6) If the person is unconscious and unresponsive, call 911 (or your local emergency number), then begin CPR

NB! If you are not trained in CPR, then proceed to chest compressions (about 100 per minute).

Get a person to the nearest hospital or call for an emergency team, then follow up with prescriptions and instructions.

If you notice anything unusual to how the person is curing, seek medical assistance.
If you prefer other forms of medium, find us across the web!

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15/02/2017

Intermediate Level of First Aid

Once you know the essentials of , you can proceed to a bit more difficult cases: fractures, severe bleeding, head injury, heart attack, etc. Note that this piece of content is intended to be informative, rather than educating. Every first aid skill should be acquired at certified courses from experienced ER personnel.

Seizure

Although it can be frightening to see, this type of seizure is not usually a medical emergency. Usually, once the convulsions have stopped, the person recovers and their breathing goes back to normal.

1) Move objects away from a person to prevent injury
If the person is not in a dangerous place, do not move a PERSON.

2) Remain calm and stay with person
It may look frightening to see, however leaving a person alone will put them in more danger.

3) Time seizure
If a convulsive seizure doesn't stop after 5 min, call for an ambulance.

4) Roll into recovery position after jerking stops or immediately if fluid in mouth
Gently check their mouth for something blocking their airway. If breathing sounds difficult after the seizure has stopped, call the local emergency number.

5) Observe and monitor breathing
Do not perform CPR, usually a person starts breathing once the seizure finishes.

6) Stay with them until they are fully recovered

If you notice anything unusual to how the wound curing, seek medical assistance.

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