
03/09/2025
What do hormones do?
Hormones are chemical messengers that affect and manage hundreds of bodily processes.
A hormone will only act on a part of your body if it “fits” — if the cells in the target tissue have receptors that receive the message of the hormone.
Think of a hormone as a key and the cells of its target tissue, such as an organ or fat tissue, as specially shaped locks. If the hormone fits the lock (receptor) on the cell wall, then it’ll work; the hormone will deliver a message that causes the target site to react.
Your body uses hormones for two types of communication:
1/ between two endocrine glands: one gland releases a hormone, which stimulates another gland to change the levels of hormones that it’s releasing.
An example of this is the communication between your pituitary gland and thyroid. Your pituitary gland releases TSH, which triggers your thyroid gland to release its hormones, which then affect various aspects of your body.
2/ between an endocrine gland and a target organ. An example of this is when your pancreas releases insulin, which then acts on your muscles and liver to help process glucose.
Diagram: kids.frontiersin.org
Adapted from:my.clevelandclinic.org