G S Bhogal Pharmacy

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Osteoporosis 2Causes of Osteoporosis Bones are thickest and strongest in your early adult life until your late 20s. You ...
19/08/2025

Osteoporosis 2

Causes of Osteoporosis

Bones are thickest and strongest in your early adult life until your late 20s. You start losing bone from around the age of 35. Losing bone is a normal part of ageing but some people lose it much faster than normal.
This can lead to osteoporosis and an increased risk of broken bones. Women lose bone rapidly in the first few years after menopause, particularly if menopause begins early (before 45) or they have their ovaries removed and hence are prone to osteoporosis.
Many other factors also increase the risk of developing osteoporosis including:
• Taking high dose steroid tablets for more than 3 months
• Other medical conditions such as inflammatory conditions, hormone related conditions or malabsorption problems
• A family history of osteoporosis, particularly a hip fracture in a parent
• Long term use of certain medicines can affect bone strength or hormone levels such as anti-oestrogen tablets that women take after breast cancer
• Having or having had an eating disorder such as anorexia or bulimia
• Having a low BMI
• Not exercising regularly
• Heavy drinking and smoking
• Long periods of inactivity
If your GP suspects you have osteoporosis, they can work out your future risk of breaking a bone using an online programme such as FRAX. They may also refer you for a bone density scan. This is a short painless procedure that takes 10 to 20 minutes. Your scan can be compared to that of a healthy young adult.
The difference is calculated as a standard deviation (SD) and is called a T-score. A T-score above -1 SD is normal, between -1 and-2.5 shows bone loss and is defined as osteopenia and below -2.5 is bone loss and is defined as osteoporosis.

Photo by Laboritoires Servier – Creative Commons License

Osteoporosis 1What is Osteoporosis? It is a health condition that weakens your bones, making them fragile and more likel...
12/08/2025

Osteoporosis 1

What is Osteoporosis?

It is a health condition that weakens your bones, making them fragile and more likely to break. It develops slowly over several years and is often only diagnosed when a fall or sudden impact causes a bone to break (fracture).
Currently in the UK 549,000 fractures happen each year, including 105,000 hip, 86,000 vertebrae and 358,000 other fractures (pelvis, ribs, arms, clavicle etc). These cause severe pain, disability and reduction in quality of life.
Fragility fractures are estimated to account for 579,722 DALYs (Disability Adjusted Life Years) lost annually, which is about the same as those lost from dementia. The cost to the NHS exceeds £4.7 billion each year, of which £2.6 billon occurs directly after a fracture and £1.7 billion for institutional care costs.
Hip fracture is the most common cause of emergency anaesthesia and surgery in older people. The mean hospital stay is 20 days accounting for half a million hospital bed days used each year with 3,600 hospital beds occupied at any one time by patients recovering from hip fractures. Loss of independence is common following a hip fracture with only 52% living at home after 120 days and 26% will die within 12 months of their fracture.

Photo by BruceBlaus – Creative Commons License

Whooping Cough & RSV 6QuizQ1. What is pertussis?A1. It is also called whooping cough and is an infection that mainly...
05/08/2025

Whooping Cough & RSV 6

Quiz

Q1. What is pertussis?
A1. It is also called whooping cough and is an infection that mainly effects infants and children.
Q2. What causes it?
A2. It is caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis.
Q3. What are the symptoms?
A3. Violent coughing, thick mucus, sore throat, may turn blue during coughing spells.
Q4. How long does whooping cough last?
A4. Several weeks or months.
Q5. How many cases of whooping cough were reported in the UK in 2024?
A5. 14,905.
Q6. What is RSV?
A6. Respiratory syncytial virus and is a common cause of coughs and colds.
Q7. How common is it?
A7. Almost all children get them at least once before they’re two years old.
Q8. Can it be dangerous?
A8. Yes for babies born prematurely, children under 2, people with chronic lung disease, congenital heart disease or weak immune system, adults over 75.
Q9. How is RSV spread?
A9. In coughs and sneezes of someone who has the virus.
Q10. What are the symptoms?
A10. Runny or blocked nose, a cough, sneezing, tiredness and a high temperature.

Whooping Cough & RSV 5QuizQ1. What is pertussis?Q2. What causes it?Q3. What are the symptoms?Q4. How long does w...
29/07/2025

Whooping Cough & RSV 5

Quiz

Q1. What is pertussis?
Q2. What causes it?
Q3. What are the symptoms?
Q4. How long does whooping cough last?
Q5. How many cases of whooping cough were reported in the UK in 2024?
Q6. What is RSV?
Q7. How common is it?
Q8. Can it be dangerous?
Q9. How is RSV spread?
Q10. What are the symptoms?

Whooping Cough & RSV 4Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)There is no specific treatment for the RSV infection. It often ge...
22/07/2025

Whooping Cough & RSV 4

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

There is no specific treatment for the RSV infection. It often gets better on its own in 1-2 weeks and you can usually look after yourself or your child at home. Children and adults who get a more serious infection may need to be treated in hospital. This may include being given fluids to avoid dehydration or oxygen to help you breathe.

The NHS has been rolling out a new vaccination for RSV to protect older people 75-79 and newborn babies all year round. Older people will need just one dose for protection that will last multiple years while women should get the vaccine every time they get pregnant to protect each baby.

Recent analysis suggests that with an uptake of 60%, the maternal programme could result in 70,000 fewer RSV illnesses in infants, 20,000 fewer GP consultations and avoid more than 200 infants being admitted to intensive care.

It also suggests that the first season of the older adult’s catch-up programme could prevent around 2,500 hospital admissions, 15,000 GP visits and 60,000 illnesses in adults.

Whooping Cough & RSV 3Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)This is a common cause of coughs and colds. Almost all children u...
15/07/2025

Whooping Cough & RSV 3

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

This is a common cause of coughs and colds. Almost all children under 2 get it at least once. People usually get better by themselves, but it can sometimes be serious for babies and older adults. Those who are at a higher risk of getting ill include:
• Babies under 6 months old
• Young children who were born prematurely
• Adults over 75
• Babies, children and adults with a weakened immune system, or long -term, lung or heart conditions
• People who smoke to***co and babies exposed to to***co smoke.
RSV is spread in the coughs and sneezes of someone who has the virus. The symptoms of an RSV infection usually start within a few days of getting infected. Most people only get cold like symptoms such as:
• A runny or blocked nose
• A cough
• Sneezing
• Tiredness
• A high temperature - signs include your back or chest feeling hotter than usual, sweatiness and shivering
Babies with RSV may also be irritable and feed less than usual. If RSV leads to a more serious infection (such as pneumonia or bronchiolitis) it may also cause:
• A cough that gets worse
• Shortness of breath
• Faster breathing or long gasp between breaths
• Difficulty feeding (in babies) or loss of appetite
• Noisy breathing
• Confusion in older adults.

NIAID, CC BY 2.0 , via Wikimedia Commons

Address

Rumney Primary Care Centre, Barmouth Road
Rumney
CF34

Opening Hours

Monday 8am - 12pm
2pm - 8pm
Tuesday 8am - 12pm
2pm - 6:30pm
Wednesday 8am - 12pm
2pm - 6:30pm
Thursday 8am - 12pm
2pm - 6:30pm
Friday 8am - 12pm
2pm - 6:30pm
Saturday 9am - 1pm

Telephone

+442920799705

Website

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