17/12/2025
Understanding COPD: Living Well with Your Lungs
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a common lung condition that makes it harder to breathe. It includes illnesses such as chronic bronchitis and emphysema. COPD mainly affects people over 40 and is often linked to long-term exposure to irritants that damage the lungs — most commonly smoking.
Risks and Causes
· Smoking is the main cause of COPD, but long-term exposure to air pollution, dust, or fumes can also play a part.
· You’re more at risk if you have a family history of lung disease or have had frequent chest infections.
Common Symptoms
Symptoms tend to develop gradually and may include:
· A persistent cough (often with phlegm)
· Shortness of breath, especially when active
· Wheezing or chest tightness
· Frequent chest infections
If you notice these symptoms, especially if you smoke or used to smoke, speak to your GP or practice nurse. Early diagnosis and treatment can help slow the progression of COPD.
How COPD Is Diagnosed
Diagnosis is usually made through:
· A review of your symptoms and medical history
· A simple breathing test (spirometry) to measure how well your lungs work
· Occasionally, chest X-rays or blood tests to rule out other conditions
Treatment and Management
While COPD can’t be cured, treatment can help control symptoms and improve quality of life. This may include:
· Inhalers or tablets to open the airways and make breathing easier
· Pulmonary rehabilitation – a programme of exercise and education to help you manage symptoms
· Smoking cessation support – stopping smoking is the most important step you can take to protect your lungs
· Oxygen therapy for more advanced cases
Monitoring and Vaccinations
People with COPD are encouraged to have regular reviews with their healthcare team to monitor lung function and adjust treatment as needed. Vaccinations are also an important part of staying well:
· Flu vaccine every year
· Pneumococcal vaccine (one-off)
· COVID-19 booster, if eligible
These vaccines help protect against respiratory infections that can cause serious flare-ups.
If you think you might have COPD or are struggling with your current symptoms, please contact us for advice and support. Early help makes a big difference.
You can find out more here https://www.asthmaandlung.org.uk/conditions/copd-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the name for a group of lung conditions that includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
