22/02/2026
Autism is an Information Processing Difference
In autism, this processing is somewhat impaired by poorly developed neuro-pathways between the brain centers. Consequently, these weak connections (wiring) between the different brain centers interfere with simultaneous communication between the various centers. These weak neuro-connections are due to both underdeveloped, long-range connections between the brain centers, and in some cases, an over-abundance of poorly developed short-range wiring within individual brain centers.
Figure 2.3 Autistic processing differences partly due to poorly developed neuro-connections.
The weak wiring (long-range connections) between the brain centers interferes with the rapid integration of the different centers. There is also evidence suggesting that the short-range connections within some brain centers are too dense, often overwhelming the centers with too much information to process. In both instances, the transmission of communication between the brain centers is weak and poorly integrated. As we will see later, this lack of well-integrated processing is responsible for many of the social, communicative, and emotional challenges experienced in autism. For now, let’s focus on two primary challenges this processing difference presents
1. Difficulty rapidly processing multiple information simultaneously. Simply speaking, the brain centers have difficulty simultaneously communicating with each other. Since most of our dynamic world requires us to integrate and process multiple brain centers simultaneously, the autistic brain is at a disadvantage.
2. Delayed Processing. This inability to rapidly integrate multiple information simultaneously requires more time to sort out and process the abundance of information sequentially, rather than simultaneously. Instead of the brain processing this information simultaneously, it must consciously process the information sequentially, serially piecing the information together. Depending on the impairment of wiring and/or the amount of information bombarding the nervous system, this delay can take anywhere between 10 seconds to hours. I have had some autistics tell me that sometimes it takes days for some information to get integrated and processed.
How processing differences affect socializing
Let’s look at an example of how important our rapid processing of multiple information plays in our neurotypical (NT) daily living. The simple act of relating with another person requires multi-tasking an abundance of information and simultaneous communication between many brain centers. Our ability to rapidly process multiple information simultaneously is what allows us to relate effectively within our neurotypical world. To appreciate this rapid, integrated processing, let’s look at the multiple information that is required when interacting with another person.
1. While we are listening to what the other person is saying, we are simultaneously reading their body language, facial expressions, and non-verbal communication to understand their thoughts, feelings, perspectives, and intentions. What are they thinking, how are they feeling, what is their perspectives and most importantly, what are their intentions? All this information needs to be processed, assessed, and integrated while simultaneously listening to what they are saying.
2. We also interpret what they are saying based on the social context that brings us together and our past experiences with that person. What situation are we in, what is the purpose of the interaction, what social rules apply to this situation, and what experiences have I had with this person? We are subconsciously assimilating all this information with what we remember from the past and what we anticipate in the future. This information is also being simultaneously integrated with the information in step one, all while we are attending to what the person is saying.
3. While we are listening to what they tell us, we are also formulating what we want to communicate back. Based on what they say and what we infer they mean (from steps 1 and 2), we are formulating how we will respond.
4. When it is our turn to talk while concentrating on what we are saying, we are also simultaneously interpreting their body language to read if they are attentive, interested, and understanding what we mean. Do they understand me? Are they interested in what I am saying? Am I offending them?
5. This rapid processing, assimilating information and adjusting our reactions, helps us stay coordinated in this back and forth, reciprocal interaction. It allows us to navigate flexibly through this complex dance of relating with another. Constantly reading, assimilating, and adjusting to a flux of dynamic information and open-ended communication.
6. All this processing also incorporates intuitive rules of engagement that allow us to initiate, maintain, and repair breakdowns in communication, shift gears, and flexibly navigate through ongoing conversation.
It sounds exhausting, doesn’t it! It certainly would be if we had to process all this information at a conscious level by “figuring it out.” Instead, we are processing most of this information subconsciously and intuitively with minimal effort. We typically listen to what they are saying while processing the rest intuitively and subconsciously. This allows us to interact smoothly with minimal effort. As we will see shortly, for autistic people, they cannot rapidly integrate and process all this multiple information simultaneously to read the thoughts, feelings, perspectives, and intentions of others. They miss out on most of the information that is needed to relate smoothly.
When looking at this example of social relating and all the different information that must be processed simultaneously, it is not hard to see why relating is so difficult for autistic people. They cannot simultaneously integrate the reading of body language, facial expressions, social rules of the situational context, past experiences with the person and infer the thoughts, feelings, perspectives, and intentions of others. They are left guessing at what is expected and often out of sync with those who they are relating with.
This article can be found in the brown book, “The Autism Discussion Page on stress, anxiety, shutdowns, and meltdowns”
https://www.amazon.com/Autism-Discussion-Anxiety-Shutdowns-Meltdowns/dp/178592804X/ref=sr_1_3?keywords=bill+nason&qid=1553451610&s=gateway&sr=8-3