22/07/2025
“Know thyself” is perhaps the most famous maxim of Greek philosophy—but this pursuit of self-knowledge can also “protect people from the damaging errors and biases that lead them into self-serving delusion,” Arthur C. Brooks writes. “If you can make honesty and self-awareness your superpower, you will become happier, more empathetic, and more successful in all you do.” https://theatln.tc/LPnYKDne
According to many neuroscientists, self-knowledge is the combination of two forms of information: direct appraisals (your own self-beliefs) and reflected appraisals (your perception of how others view you). But to “know thyself accurately” is a taller order. Accurate self-knowledge, Brooks explains, “means avoiding mistakes and correcting illusions, being completely honest with yourself, possessing a reliable memory, and predicting how you will feel and react in the future.”
In all likelihood, most people overestimate their capacity for accurate self-knowledge. “One reason we know ourselves so poorly is that we’re prone to major cognitive errors about what we see happening in our lives,” Brooks writes. This “self-knowledge deficit” also comes from “the willful ignorance—dishonesty, really—that we indulge to protect our self-esteem.” In turn, such a mindset can lead to missed opportunities for long-term well-being.
One way to guide yourself away from comfort-seeking and toward better cognitive health is to stop protecting yourself. “Regular bracing, difficult self-assessment will feel uncomfortable at first but will make you stronger as a person in the end,” Brooks advises. Another method is to be realistic, even negative, about your self-knowledge. “When, in my late 20s, I finally accepted the reality that I was a good musician but would never be a truly great one, that left me free to do other interesting and fulfilling things with my life,” Brooks writes. “Knowing what I was not ultimately helped me be who I could be.”
Read more of Brooks’s advice at the link.
🎨: Jan Buchczik