16/03/2026
The sensation of "popping" or pressure changes in the ears during a plane's ascent or descent is a result of changes in air pressure. This phenomenon is commonly experienced by passengers and is related to the function of the Eustachian tubes, which connect the middle ear to the back of the throat.
Here's how it typically occurs:
Ascent: When an airplane ascends, the cabin pressure decreases because the aircraft is climbing to a higher altitude. The pressure inside the cabin becomes lower than the pressure in the middle ear. To equalize this pressure difference, the Eustachian tubes momentarily open, allowing air to flow from the throat into the middle ear. This equalization prevents the eardrum from being pushed inward by the higher pressure in the middle ear.
Descent: During descent, the cabin pressure increases as the plane descends to a lower altitude. Now, the pressure in the cabin is higher than the pressure in the middle ear. The Eustachian tubes again open, but this time to allow air to move from the middle ear to the back of the throat, equalizing the pressure. This prevents the eardrum from being pushed outward by the lower pressure in the middle ear.
If the Eustachian tubes do not open and equalize the pressure effectively, you may experience discomfort or a "popping" sensation. Chewing gum, swallowing, or yawning can help activate the muscles associated with the Eustachian tubes and facilitate pressure equalization. If someone has a cold, congestion, or sinus issues, it can make equalizing ear pressure more challenging, leading to ear discomfort during changes in altitude.
