11/01/2026
๐ก ๐ง๐ต๐ฒ ๐ง๐ฟ๐ถ๐ด๐ฒ๐บ๐ถ๐ป๐ฎ๐น ๐ฆ๐๐๐๐ฒ๐บ, ๐๐ฒ๐ฟ๐๐ถ๐ฐ๐ฎ๐น ๐๐๐๐ณ๐๐ป๐ฐ๐๐ถ๐ผ๐ป, ๐ฎ๐ป๐ฑ ๐ฉ๐ฒ๐๐๐ถ๐ฏ๐๐น๐ฎ๐ฟ ๐๐ป๐๐ฒ๐ด๐ฟ๐ฎ๐๐ถ๐ผ๐ป: ๐ ๐ฃ๐ต๐๐๐ถ๐ฐ๐ฎ๐น ๐ง๐ต๐ฒ๐ฟ๐ฎ๐ฝ๐ ๐ฝ๐ฒ๐ฟ๐๐ฝ๐ฒ๐ฐ๐๐ถ๐๐ฒ
๐
๐๐๐๐, ๐๐๐๐๐ฆ. (2021)
๐The Trigeminal System (cranial nerve V) is one of the most complex and influential sensory networks in the human nervous system. It integrates sensory input from the face, jaw, eyes, dura mater, and upper cervical spine, and communicates directly with deep brainstem regions that govern pain modulation, autonomic tone, postural control, and oculomotor coordination.
๐Clinically, when the trigeminal system becomes dysregulated due to concussion, whiplash, TMJ dysfunction, upper cervical strain, or persistent inflammation it can drive a constellation of symptoms such as cervical pain, dizziness, visual fatigue, imbalance, facial pressure, tension-type headaches, and autonomic instability.
๐ท ๐๐๐ฎ ๐ฉ๐๐ ๐๐ง๐๐๐๐ข๐๐ฃ๐๐ก ๐๐ฎ๐จ๐ฉ๐๐ข ๐๐จ ๐๐๐ก๐๐ซ๐๐ฃ๐ฉ ๐๐ฃ ๐พ๐๐ง๐ค๐ฃ๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ฃ
๐There is a strong neuroanatomical and functional connection between the Trigeminal Nucleus Caudalis (TNC) and the upper cervical spine (C1โC3), forming what is known as the trigeminocervical complex. This integrated circuitry has direct implications for physical therapy:
โข Cervical dysfunction can lead to activation or sensitization of the trigeminal system
โข Conversely, dysfunction or tension in the jaw, TMJ, or facial musculature can provoke cervical symptoms
โข Both systems feed into shared nociceptive pathways that influence brainstem vestibular nuclei
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This interconnection explains why many patients with chronic cervical pain also report:
โ Facial pressure or discomfort
โ TMJ stiffness or clenching
โ Photophobia
โ Headaches (especially occipital or temporal)
โ Dizziness and postural instability
โ Limited or painful cervical range of motion
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As physical therapists, recognizing this reciprocal relationship allows us to develop more integrated treatment plansโaddressing not only the cervical spine, but also jaw mechanics, cranial nerve pathways, and vestibular contributions to persistent pain and dysfunction.
Disclaimer:
๐ Sharing a study is NOT an endorsement.
๐ You should read the original research yourself and be critical.