12/06/2025
Painting #5 UNKNOWN CAUSES of the EPILEPSY FACTS 2 series.
Unfortunately, the cause is unknown in 70% of epilepsy cases. There are at least 160 different Seizure Disorders that fall under the diagnoses of Epilepsy which I have listed below. If you know of a seizure disorder is not on the list, please let me know so I can add it.
This painting shows some of the most common causes of Epilepsy, but there are others. Anything that can cause brain damage that can interfere with your brainwave is a cause.
1 ) 1Q44 Deletion
2 ) 2-hydroxyglutaricaciduria
3 ) 3-Hydroxyacyl-CoA Dehydrogenase II Deficiency
4 ) 4-Hyperekplexia and epilepsy
5 ) 15q13.3 microduplication syndrome
6 ) 15q13.3 microdeletion syndrome
7 ) Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum
8 ) Aicardi Syndrome
9 ) Alice in Wonderland Syndrome (Micropsia)
10) Amelo-cerebro-hypohidrotic syndrome
11) Angelman Syndrome
12) Anophthalmia -- hypothalamo-pituitary insufficiency
13) Anti-GAD65
14) Autonomic (Abdominal) Epilepsy
15) Arteriovenous Malformation (AVS)
16) Battaglia Neri syndrome
17) Batten’s Disease
18) Benign familial infantile epilepsy
19) Benign Rolandic Epilepsy
20) Brain Hypoxia - caused brain damage
21) Borud Syndrome
22) BPAN Beta-Propeller Protein-Associated Neurodegeneration
23) Burnside-Butler Microdeletion 15q11.2
24) Carbohydrate deficiency glycoprotein syndrome type II
25) Catamenial Epilepsy
26) CDKL5 Disorder
27) CDG syndrome type I
28) Cerebral Cavernous Malformation (Cavernous Angioma, Cavernous Hemangioma)
29) Childhood absence epilepsy (CAE)
30) Chromosome 15q triplication syndrome
31) Chromosome 15q13.3 microdeletion syndrome
32) Chromosome 20 ring
33) Chromosome 4, trisomy 4p
34) Complex Febrile Seizures
35) Congenital disorder of glycosylation type 1K
36) Congenital disorder of glycosylation type 2E
37) Cornelia de Lange syndrome 2
38) Cortical dysplasia -- focal epilepsy syndrome
39) Craniodiaphyseal dysplasia
40) De Lange 1
41) Demyelinating Disease
42) Developmental delay -- epilepsy -- neonatal diabetes
43) Diomedi-Bernardi-Placidi syndrome
44) Doose Syndrome
45) Double cortex syndrome (Subcortical band heterotopia)
46) Dravet Syndrome
47) Dup (2) (q11.2-q13)
48) Dup (3) (pter-p24.3) and del (7) (pter-p22.1)
49) Dysgenesis of the Corpus Collosum
50) Eclampsia
51) Electrical status epilepticus during sleep (ESES)
52) Encephalopathy, familial, with neuroserpin inclusion bodies
53) Epilepsia partialis continua - (Kojevnikov's or Kozhevnikov's epilepsia)
54) Epilepsy -- mental deterioration, Finnish type
55) Epilepsy -- microcephaly -- skeletal dysplasia
56) Epilepsy occipital calcifications
57) Epilepsy with Myoclonic-Absences
58) Familial porencephaly
59) Febrile Seizures
60) Feigenbaum-Bergeron-Richardson syndrome
61) Flynn-Aird syndrome
62) Focal Cortical Dysplasia
63) Frontal Lobe Epilepsy
64) GABA Gene Mutations (GABRA1, GABRB2, GABRG3, and GABRD
65) Geschwind Syndrome
66) Generalized epilepsy with febrile seizure plus (GEFS+)GLUT1 deficiency syndrome
67) GLUT-1 Deficiency Syndrome
68) GRIN 1
69) GRIN 2A
70) GRIN 2B
71) GRIN 2D
72) Gurrieri-Sammito-Bellussi syndrome
73) Heterotopia, Periventricular, Associated with Chromosome 5q Deletion
74) Hydrocephalus
75) Hydroxyacyl-coa dehydrogenase, type 2, deficiency
76) Hypothalamic Hamartoma (HH)
77) Ichthyosis male hypogonadism
78) Insular Epilepsy
79) Jeavons Syndrome (EMA)
80) Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy
81) KCNQ2
82) KCNQ5
83) Kohlschutter-Tonz syndrome
84) Lafora Disease (Lafora progressive myoclonic epilepsy or MELF)
85) Landau-Kleffner Syndrome
86) Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome
87) Limbic Epilepsy
88) Limbic Encephalitis
89) Lipoid proteinosis of Urbach and Wiethe
90) Lissencephaly, X-linked 2
91) Liver disease -- retinitis pigmentosa -- polyneuropathy – epilepsy
92) McDowall syndrome
93) Mental retardation – epilepsy
93) Microcephaly -- pontocerebellar hypoplasia – dyskinesia
94) Microencephaly
95) Mold/Mycotoxins
96) Mowat-Wilson syndrome
97) MRXS-Christianson
98) Multifocal Seizures
99) Musicogenic Seizures
100) Myoclonic progressive familial epilepsy
101) Myoclonus progressive epilepsy of Unverricht and Lundborg
102) Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA)
103) Neonatal Seizures
104) Neurodegenerative syndrome, X-linked, Hamel type
105) Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF-1)
106) Neurofibromatosis-1
107) Nevus comedonicus syndrome
108) Nicolaides-Baraitser syndrome
109) Niemann-Pick disease, type D
110) Nocturnal Seizures
111) OFD syndrome type IX
112) Ohtahara Syndrome (OS)
113) Onychodystrophy – deafness
114) Osler's disease
116) Panayiotopoulos syndrome (PS)
117) Pattern — Sensitive Epilepsies
118) PCDH19 Epilepsy
119) Peripheral type neurofibromatosis
120) Perisylvian syndrome
121) Phenylketonuria type 2
122) Pitt-Hopkins syndrome
123) Poirier-Bienvenu neurodevelopmental syndrome (POBINDS) CSNK2B gene mutation
124) POLG Mutation
125) Polymicrogyria, Bilateral Frontal
126) Pontocerebellar Hypoplasia Type 2B
127) Pontocerebellar Hypoplasia Type 2C
128) Pontocerebellar hypoplasia with infantile spinal muscular atrophy
129) Porencephaly
130) Post Traumatic Epilepsy
131) Primary Reading Epilepsy
132) Progressive Myoclonic Epilepsy
133) Pyridoxine Dependent Epilepsy
134) Rasmussen Syndrome (Rasmussen Encephalitis)
135) Reflex Epilepsies (triggered by specific stimuli Visual: flashing lights, specific patterns or colors Auditory: sounds or music Tactile/Sensory: skin friction, brushing teeth, hot water Cognitive: reading, thinking, math, playing games Others: startle reactions, eating, specific smells)
136) Renier-Gabreels-Jasper syndrome
137) Rett Syndrome
138) Ring Chomosome 20 Syndrome
139) Rud Syndrome
140) SCHAD deficiency
141) SCN8A
142) Schaefer-Stein-Oshman syndrome
143) Schizencephaly
144) Single upper central incisor
145) Spastic paraplegia epilepsy intellectual disability
146) Spastic tetraplegic -- cerebral palsy
147) Spasticity -- intellectual disability -- epilepsy, X-linked
148) Spinocerebellar ataxia 13
149) Startle Epilepsy
150) Sturge-Weber Syndrome
151) Subependymal nodular heterotopia
152) Sunflower Syndrome
153) Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
154) Timothy’s Syndrome / LQTS8
155) Triple X Syndrome (Trisomy X)
156) Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC)
157) Type 10 17b-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency
158) UBA5
159) USP9X
160) Vertigo Epilepsy
161) WAGR Syndrome
162) West Syndrome / Infantile Spasms
163) Wilms tumor -- aniridia -- genitourinary anomalies -- intellectual disability
164) Withdrawal Seizures
165) Wittwer syndrome
