21/10/2024
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30 Gynec Cases
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Dermoid cysts, also known as mature cystic teratomas, are benign tumors commonly found in the ovaries, although they can occur in other locations. These cysts are made up of different tissue types, including hair, skin, and even teeth, due to their origin from germ cells.
•Key Features:
- Epidemiology: Dermoid cysts account for 10-20% of all ovarian tumors and are most commonly diagnosed in women of reproductive age.
- Symptoms: Many dermoid cysts are asymptomatic, but larger cysts can cause abdominal pain, bloating, or complications like torsion.
-Diagnosis: Ultrasound is the primary imaging modality, typically showing a complex cyst with characteristic features like echogenicity from fat or calcifications. MRI can further characterize the cyst.
- Treatment: Surgical removal is the mainstay of treatment.
•Clinical Considerations:
- Malignant Potential: While dermoid cysts are usually benign, rare cases may exhibit malignant transformation. Regular monitoring and follow-up are essential.
- Fertility Impact: Surgical excision is often performed laparoscopically, preserving ovarian function and fertility when feasible.
1. Doran, J., et al. (2017). "Ovarian teratomas: A clinical review." *American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecologyy
2. D'Angelo, A., et al. (2018). "The management of ovarian teratomas: a review." *European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology*
3. Miller, S., & Wren, A. (2020). "Dermoid cysts: Review and management." *Obstetrics & Gynecology Clinics of North America*